PREFACE.
Headquarters, Camp, First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, SEPTEMBER 9th, 1864.
To the Officers and -Enlisted Men of the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry.
GENTLEMEN: —Knowing the deep interest felt in the history of the regiment, by
every member who has shared its services, its dangers and hardships, and is
thereby entitled to a portion of its well-earned merits, I have endeavored to
collect the prominent incidents of its operations; and during the comparative
leisure of the last month have arranged them in a condensed form for
publication, that all who wish might be supplied with a copy. You will find the
following pages to contain a sketch of the organizing, arming and equipping of
the regiment, a summary of its services from the time it entered the field to
the present date, with brief descriptions of the part it took in the various
actions in which it was engaged, a tabular statement of name and date of each
battle and skirmish, date, route and distance of each march and scout, with
general remarks, &c. Also, the name, rank and date of commission, of each
officer, the name and rank of each enlisted man, (the latter arranged in
companies, and each company prefaced by a short sketch of its organization,)
with remarks also appended to the names of both officers and men, noting all
changes that have taken place. The object, however, in preparing this work, was
not to write a history of the regiment, nor to enter into a minute or detailed
account of its operations, but simply to furnish a brief summary of its
services, with any other data that might be interesting to its members. Neither
is it supposed that the hasty and condensed narrations, these pages contain,
will elicit any interest from the public at large, as they are strictly local
in their character; but, if they meet your approval, it will be answering my
fullest expectations. You will, doubtlessly, discover in their perusal,
numerous omissions and inaccuracies, as many of the incidents, especially of
the first year, have been sketched from memory, and the numerous and constant
changes incident to a regiment in the field, renders it very difficult to
furnish correct data in every instance; but, conscious that you are aware of
the disadvantages labored under in the preparation of a work of this kind, here
in active service, where our respites from duty are so brief and irregular, I
therefore respectfully submit it to your consideration, trusting that though it
may not reach what you would desire it to be, its contents, may, at least, not
be devoid of interest.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. P. LLOYD,
Adjutant First Penna. Reserve Cavalry.

INTRODUCTION.
STRANGERS to war, and especially to the blighting curse of intestinal and
fratricidal strife, the year of 1861, as it opened upon our happy and
prosperous nation, with events so new and startling and portentuous of coining
evil, found the public- mind resting in the quiet calm of its accustomed
security. True, for some months previous, the murmur of discord and
dissatisfaction, with an occasional bold and daring threat or menacing overt
act, from the southern half of the nation, betokened a determination of
purpose, more serious and alarming than had, at any previous period of our
history, marked the wrangling of parties and the clashing of sectional
interests. But, the stormy season of a Presidential campaign had just passed,
and the majority of the people, at least in the North, expected, as always has
been the case heretofore, that after the conflicting elements had spent their
fury, and the efforts of the partizan leaders, either crowned by victory or
subdued by defeat, the public mind would subside into its usual quiet and
decorum. Still, there were some, who, marking the course of events for years,
saw, in the unusual signs of the times, foreshadowings of the storm that was
soon to burst on our devoted land. As day after day of the new year passed,
events stranger and more startling were developed, and thus matters continued
growing more desperate until the fourth of March, when a new Chief Executive
was inaugurated and the reins of Government passed into the hands of another
Administration; but, instead of these events having any effect in allaying the
angry and discordant elements, the storm-cloud of civil commotion grew rapidly
darker and more threatening. The warlike preparations of the South now too began
to arouse the loyal people of the nation to the stern fact that treason, real
earnest treason, was rapidly spreading its contaminating' bane over large
tracts of the nation's territory, rife for any deed, and ready in its daring
audacity to attempt any crime, and that rebellion in gigantic proportion was
upon them. All who lived through those days of intense excitement, from March
to the middle of April, when the traitor's cannon first defiled our nation's
ensign as it floated over the wall of Sumter, remember, and will doubtlessly
cherish, while memory retains vitality to perform her offices, the anxiety
which wrapped every loyal heart in a murky pall, during those hours of painful
suspense, when the nation hung vibrating between war, just and honorable, as we
are now prosecuting it, and ignominious peace with anarchy, or at
best-traitor's rule. Long, too, will be remembered the days of almost frantic
excitement that followed, the dishonoring of our flag at Charleston. How, as
with one giant throb of the nation's great heart, her loyal sons arose, and
from workshop, from store, from farm, from the nursery of learning, the
lawyer's office and the minister's sacred desk, men of every avocation,
circumstance and calling, rushed forward to vindicate its insulted dignity. The
first call for seventy-five thousand men, being immediately filled, thousands
who applied were unable to get into the service. These, forming in companies
throughout the country, remained to await subsequent events. During this time
the material of the FIRST PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY was principally
collected, as was also the balance of the Reserve Corps, most of which,
however, had the advantage of some months drilling in camps of instruction in
an organized condition, while this regiment remained scattered in parts of
companies, over the State, few of them having an official existence. The
companies remained in this unorganized and scattered condition, until about the
middle of July when a few of them assembled at Camp Curtin, and commenced the
formation of a regiment.

ORGANIZATION.
(Notes of Organization furnished by Surgeon G. B. HOTCHEKIN.)
 THE First Cavalry regiment of Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Corps was
organized at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, August, 1861, by His Excellency,
Governor Andrew G. Curtin, under the provisions of a special law authorizing
the Governor to raise, arm and equip a force consisting of twelve regiments of
infantry, one rifle, one artillery and one cavalry regiment. This was to be a
State force under the control of the Governor, to be held in readiness to meet
any emergencies that might arise from the events of the war. The defeat
of General McDowell, at Bull Run, July 21st, 1861, occasioned just such an
emergency before the organization was complete. Five companies of cavalry,
which were then in Camp Curtin, were immediately organized by the election of
Captain Hastings, U. S. A., as Colonel, and Captain Owen Jones, as Major, and the
battalion sent to Washington, with the rest of the Reserve Corps, where they
were soon joined by two additional companies from Harrisburg. The
removal of the regiment from the State be fore it was completely organized,
equipped and trained for service, as contemplated by the law of its
organization, caused much feeling of disappointment in the State, and the
officer selected for the command of the regiment, declined to go with it in its
unorganized condition. The seven companies remained in camp near Washington,
about a month, with a deficiency of organization, which threatened total
failure of the attempt to form a regiment. The field and company officers
present, being little schooled in military tactics and discipline, though quite
anxious to become soldiers and to make their men such, fully realized their
deficiencies, and anxiously sought for assistance. Through the
influence and advice of General Stoneman, then Chief of Cavalry, in conjunction
with the Governor of Pennsylvania and his advisers, the service of Lieutenant
George D. Bayard, was secured as Colonel, and he assumed command of the
regiment about the first of September, 1861, and immediately commenced
drilling, and fitting it for active service. About this time, also, three
companies from a disbanded regiment were attached to this command, and its
organization completed, by the election of Captain Jacob Higgins, to the post
of Lieutenant-Colonel, and the appointment of S. D. Barrows as Adjutant, and
Lieutenant R. R. Corson, Regimental Quartermaster.  The regiment then
consisted of Companies A, Captain Robison; B, Captain Stadelman; C, Captain
Taylor; D, Captain Gile; E, Captain Wolf; F, Captain Harper; G, Captain
Gardner; H, Captain J. B. Davidson; I, Captain McNulty, and K, Captain Boyce.
The appointment of Surgeon David Stanton, Assistant Surgeon, Samuel
Alexander and Chaplain J. Harvey Beale, shortly after, completed the regimental
staff.' January, the seventh, 1862, two independent companies, Company L,
Captain Hoffeditz, and Company AM, Captain Richards, were attached to the
regiment, thus making it a complete regiment of twelve companies. The
regiment was originally armed by the United States Government, with sabre and
pistol to each man, and ten carbines to each company, the number of carbines
having been increased at different times, until the whole regiment was
ultimately supplied with them, in September, 1862. The greater part of
the original horses of the regiment were selected with great care, and
purchased by some of our own officers in the State of Pennsylvania; the
remainder were selected by Colonel Bayard himself, from the Government horses
at Washington. These horses, under good care and training during the succeeding
winter became notably the best regiment of horses in the United States, and
some of them remain Still the best horses, after a half dozen new lots have
been worn out in the service of the regiment.  The material of this
regiment was choice in its character, the Governor refusing all applications
for the formation of companies for the regiment, from large towns and cities,
it was gathered from various sections of a great State, at a time when infantry
was the favorite arm of service. The men who joined this regiment, chose the
service for the love of it, and because they were horsemen. They were mostly
country laborers and farmers, accustomed to the use and care of horses, and at
least good, if not properly trained riders. Very few of our men were dismounted
by accident or awkwardness during their drilling, or since then, in the service
they have performed. Most of them were accustomed to labor and fatigue, and
well calculated to endure the hardships incident to a cavalryman in the field.
A few old soldiers, among both officers and men, contributed much more than
their personal labor toward the proper training of the regiment. The
greatest defect in material seems to have arisen, either from want of proper
examination of recruits, or want of knowledge of the requirements of cavalry
service, on the part of examining surgeons. This has been a fruitful cause of
discharges for disability in our regiment, but most of our deficient men would
have been fully able to do infantry service, although from various causes
unable to endure service in the saddle. After Colonel Bayard was
established in his position, and his regiment armed, equipped and mounted, the
work of drilling was immediately commenced, and prosecuted with all the energy
for which that officer was so much noted. This was not done after the usual
manner of drilling cavalry by a course of gradual training, but the attempt was
made to bring the regiment to the most effective condition for actual contact
with the enemy, in the shortest possible time, as the cavalry arm of the
service must be made and not improved merely. To this end the officers were
called to meet the Colonel, once or twice daily, to study tactics, and the fear
of the Examining Board kept constantly before them to stimulate their energies
to the utmost. Company, squadron and regimental drill and saber exercise, on
foot or mounted, were pushed to the utmost, morning and afternoon of every day,
under the personal direction of Colonel Bayard and his field officers, while
various scouts and daily picket duty, by detail, served to impress their lessons
by actual practice of duty near the enemy.

WINTER QUARTERS AT PIERPONT.
We crossed the Potomac river, as the advance of General McCall's command, on
the 10th day of October, 1861, and were stationed at Camp Pierpont, at the
extreme right of the Army of the Potomac. Here we picketed by details of one
officer, and thirty men, daily, during the winter, also, making frequent
expeditions to Drainesville and toward Leesburg. The first skirmish of the
regiment, occurred near Drainesville, on the 27th day of November, 1861. The
regiment, had been ordered out on the previous evening, to scout the country
beyond Difficult creek, a small stream crossing the pike, about six miles west
of camp, and make a descent on Drainesville, a village some seven miles further
on. Marching all night and arriving at the village just before daylight, the
houses were surrounded, and a search for guerrillas, reported to harbor there,
commenced.
Half a dozen suspicious persons were arrested, and the regiment, after an
hour's halt, took up its march for camp. When some two miles from the town, the
head of the column was fired on by guerrillas concealed in the pine thickets,
by the roadside. Detachments immediately dismounted and pushed into the woods,
and in a few minutes had killed or captured the whole part of the enemy. We
lost, Assistant Surgeon Samuel Alexander and private Jos. Hughling, Company D,
killed, and two other men severely wounded. Colonel Bayard was slightly wounded
and his horse killed under him.

BATTLE OF DRAINESVILLE.
Five companies, under Lieutenant-Colonel Jacob Higgins, participated actively
in the battle of Drainesville, December 20th, 1861, and General Ord highly
complimented Colonel Higgins for the valuable service the cavalry rendered
during the action. At the opening of the engagement, the cavalry was ordered to
push forward and compel the enemy to unmask his position This was done in
gallant style by Lieutenant-Colonel Jacob Higgins, with H and I companies,
dashing forward on the road, south of the town, while C, D and E companies
charged directly through the town, and pushed on, until the enemy, opening on
their flank and rear, compelled them to withdraw to prevent being cut off. The
infantry now becoming engaged, the cavalry was ordered to the support of Easton's
battery, and remained drawn up in the rear of it, though subjected to a heavy.
artillery fire, until the close of the action, which lasted about one hour and
twenty minutes, and ended in the total rout of the enemy. Here was the first
time that any part of the regiment had been called upon lo face the enemy in
battle array, and its action on this occasion very truly reflected, or rather
foreshadowed, its subsequent history. The winter of'61 and'62 was spent at
Langley, or Camp Pierpont, some four miles west of Chain Bridge, the regiment
being engaged in the services before mentioned, until the 10th of March, when
winter quarters were broken up and campaigning commenced.

OPENING OF SPRING CAMPAIGN of 1862.
The regiment then marched with the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, in the grand
advance toward Manassas, and after about ten days most exhausting service,
exposed to pelting rain, sleet and snow storms, returned to Falls Church, where
we remained until General McDowell's advance toward the Rappahannock. Starting
on the 9th of April, we marched via of Fairfax Court House and Manassas
Junction to Catletts Station, which we reached on the 11th, and there performed
scouting and picket duty, till the middle of the month. On the 13th we started
on a reconnoissance toward Falmouth, and having driven in the enemy's outposts
and ascertained his situation, returned to camp. On the 17th, two battalions of
our regiment supported by a portion of the Second New York Cavalry, marched
toward Falnouth, as the advance guard of General McDowell's army. -That day we
skirmished with the enemy's outpost, from Hartwood Church toward Falmouth and
during the night were led into an ambuscade near the town, and after severe
fighting were compelled to rest till daylight. Having marched and skirmished
all day and until a late hour of the night of the 17th, the men were permitted
to take a few hours' sleep at the feet of their horses, and were again in the
saddle, ready to move forward, at two o'clock, on the morning of the 18th.
Every precaution having been taken to prevent any noise in advancing that might
warn the enemy of our approach, the column commenced its silent march toward
the town, squadron L and A leading the advance. The morning was cloudy, and so
intensely dark, that the enemy's works, which consisted of a strong barricade,
constructed of rails laid alternately lengthwise and crosswise, were not seen,
until the advance guard was right on them. The column was thus brought to a
halt, in a narrow road which it completely filled, and almost instantly a heavy
fire of musketry was opened in the faces of the men. The regiment recoiling
before this fierce and unexpected attack, was immediately withdrawn from the
road, and its operations directed against the flanks of the enemy's position,
in a series of rapid and brilliant charges, which, however, were ineffectual in
dislodging him, until daylight, when he fell back, and we occupied the town.
The history of this war will doubtlessly present, in all its records of daring,
few parallels to this hazardous dash. A body of cavalry charging on a town,
garrisoned by double its number of infantry, along an unknown road, and through
the blinding darkness of a rayless night. We were not veterans then, neither
were our generals. In this action, Company E, commanded by Captain Marcus L.
French; Company F, commanded by Captain Alexander Davidson; Company K,
commanded by Captain J. H. Williams; Company L, commanded by Captain W. A.
Sands, and Company M, commanded by Captain J. H. Richards, all under the charge
of Lieutenant-Colonel Owen Jones were closely engaged. Companies G, H, and I,
under Major R. J. Falls, acted as a reserve and were not engaged until the next
morning. Colonel Bayard, in an official report to the Governor of the State of
Pennsylvania, complimented the regiment in the highest terms, for its conduct
on the occasion. The first day after the action the regiment camped a short
distance from Falmouth, and a few days afterward moved several miles down the
neck, and commenced doing picket duty along the Rappahannock river, and
scouting on the Peninsula below. While engaged in this we had frequent
skirmishes with the enemy across the river, and on one occasion, when he
attempted to recapture a schooner from the First New Jersey Cavalry, on the night
of the 13th of May, Companies F, G, I-I, L, and M, turned out, and
after a brief but sharp skirmish, drove him off, brought the schooner to our
own shore of the river, and rescued the men on board, several of whom were
wounded. The following is a report of the affair, by Colonel Jones, Commanding
Regiment. Headquarters, First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, MAY 14th, 1863.
GENERAL GEORGE D. BAYARD.
GENERAL: —I have the honor to report that on the evening of yesterday,
May 13th, heavy firing was heard at my camp from the line of our pickets on the
Rappahannock. I soon learned that it proceeded from a party of the enemy, and
was directed at a vessel in charge of the First New Jersey Cavalry. I at once
ordered the carbineers of my command to proceed to the river bank, and finding
that the vessel was fastened to the north bank of river, and in charge of our
pickets, I ordered my men to be placed in position to cover the removal Qf two
men of the First New Jersey Cavalry, that were on board of her, and had been
badly wounded by the fire of the enemy, giving orders not to fire, unless first
fired upon. After the first, and just as the second man was being removed from
the vessel, a heavy fire was opened upon her by the enemy, and was instantly
replied to by a heavy and well sustained fire from my men, posted along the
river bank. As soon as the enemy's fire ceased, the order to cease firing was
given, and the remaining wounded men removed with safety. It gives me
great pleasure to state that in the effort, none of my men were hurt, and that
the officers and men displayed the utmost promptitude bravery and
coolness. Colonel Bayard having received appointment as
Brigadier-General, Lieutenant-Colonel Owen Jones was chosen Colonel, and took
command of the regiment May 5th, 1862.

M'DOWELL'S ADVANCE MAY 25TH AND OPERATIONS IN
THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY.
On the afternoon of the 25th of May, when General McDowell commenced his
advance to join forces with General McClellan, the regiment crossed the
Rappahannock at Fredericksburg, and was sent forward to find the enemy. We
advanced rapidly towards Richmond, and reached a point on the Pamunky river,
within fifteen miles of General McClellan's right wing on the evening of the
27th. The enemy falling back before us, and the whole route showing evidence of
his hasty retreat. At this juncture, when all were jubilant over the prospects
of soon joining the grand army of the Peninsula, against the Rebel Capitol, we
received orders to return immediately to Fredericksburg. Recrossed the
Rappahannock at that place on the evening of the 28th, and marched at once, via
of Catlett's Station and Thoroughfare Gap to Front Royal, which we reached on
the 1st day of June. With but an hour's rest, ire proceeded at full gallop,
nearly to Strasburg, a distance of about twelve miles, when crossing the
Shenandoah river and coming up to Jackson's forces, we skirmished until dark,
and then recrossed the river and bivouacked for the night to await assistance
next morning. General McDowell not having come up with his army our brigade,
consisting of one battalion of Bucktails, Hall's Second Maine Battery, of three
guns, the First New Jersey Cavalry, and First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry,
proceeded alone, and driving Jackson's rear guard out of Strasburg, were almost
immediately joined by the advance of General Fremont's army, entering from
another direction. A gallop of six miles, brought us upon the enemy's batteries
at Woodstock, and after three repeated attacks, we drove them from their
position, and his rear guard, consisting of infantry and cavalry, from the
town. In this manner, we proceeded for eight days under the guns of the enemy
every day, and driving him as rapidly as General Fremont could follow with our
main force. At Mount Jackson, on the 4th, a running fight for the bridge across
the Shenandoah, occurred, but the enemy reaching the river first, succeeded in
crossing his forces, and destroying the bridge, thus delaying our column until
the next day. On the afternoon of the 6th, a sharp action occurred, just beyond
Harrisonburg, in which the First New Jersey Cavalry, first, and later the
Bucktail Battalion and our own regiment engaged a force of the enemy at least
three times their number, and completely repulsed them. On the 8th, we advanced
and participated in the Battle of Cross Keys, but being the reserve, were but
slightly engaged. Next day we led the advance, of the centre column to Port
Republic, where we arrived just in time to witness the bridge, across the
Shenandoah in flames and the enemy all safely beyond our reach. On the 10th, we
commenced retracing our steps down the valley, and, after a halt of two days at
Mount Jackson, returned via of Front Royal again to Manassas, which point we
reached on the 23rd, making thirty days of incessant marching, skirmishing and
fighting, having in that time, marched nearly four hundred miles, skirmishing
the greater part of the way in the face of the enemy, and having been engaged
in two battles, and ten or twelve considerable skirmishes. Remaining at Malanassas
to refit, as the efficiency of the command was much reduced by its late severe
service, the regiment was engaged for the next two weeks in picketing in the
direction of the Rappahannock.

POPE'S ADVANCE TO THE RAPIDANN AND RETREAT TO
WASHINGTON.
We next marched with the advance of Pope's army, first to Manassas Junction, on
the 4th of July, and some two weeks afterward to Rappahannock river and
Culpepper. From this latter point, as. a centre, we made various marches,
during the remainder of the month to Madison Court House, towards Gordonsville,
also doing heavy picket duty at the same time. On the 1st of August, we
advanced with the brigade to the Rapidann river, where picket and scout
followed each other in regular reliefs, and our horses were seldom unsaddled
day or night, from that time until, as rear guard, we came to Alexandria,
closely followed by the enemy's advance, to within a few miles of that city; a
period of about five weeks, day and night on duty. The duty on the
Rapidann was very heavy. Our little party, about twelve miles from the advance
of the army, for eight clays guarding all the crossings of the river for
several miles at a low stage of water, and at the same time watching at all
points inland for the enemy's approach from above and below; making constant
scouts to watch the country around us, was severely tried and all its endurance
tested to the utmost. When Jackson finally advanced in force, his first attempt
on crossing the river, was to take our whole party before we could reach
assistance, as he was fully aware of our location and force. On the night of
August 7th, 1862, the enemy crossed at several places and made attempts in the
darkness, to surprise and capture our pickets, but was so skilfully baffled in
his undertaking as to succeed in capturing but two men. The outpost rallying
upon the reserve, held the enemy in check till morning, when the regiment
withdrew some three miles and another stand was made to cover the crossing of
the brigade over the Robinson river. Here the enemy were again delayed by a
skilful management of our forces, until our camps were cleared, and our wagon
train removed a safe distance to the rear, when we slowly retired, although
subject to a brisk fire of artillery, and pursued by a strong force of infantry
and cavalry, supported, as we afterward learned, by Jackson's whole force.
General Bayard, by his skilful maneuvering, and by the good conduct of our men,
baffled the enemy's advance in force so completely, that nearly the whole day
was occupied in returning to Cedar Mountain, a distance of but seven or eight
miles from the point of attack on the previous evening. Here, as a prelude to
the bloody battle of the next day, we formed, and by holding the position until
General Banks' force arrived, and deployed in battle order, traced the
memorable lines, and measured off the ground, where before another day was half
spent, more than twenty thousand men met face to face in mortal combat. A cool
and determined front was kept continually toward the enemy, and as squadron
after squadron filed off to the rear, the next in succession opened its front
to the attack, until the preceding one had again taken up position, thus slowly
and stubbornly giving ground, inch by inch, as the weight of the enemy's overwhelming
force pushed us back. For this masterly retreat, General Bayard and his
command received public compliment and thanks from the commanding General on
the field next day.

BATTLE OF CEDAR MOUNTAIN.
The regiment was in front of the battle next day at Cedar Mountain as advance
skirmishers, and the first battalion after skirmishing, was placed as support
of Knapp's battery, which was making sad havoc with the enemy. A charge of a
full division upon this battery placed it in imminent peril. A charge of cavalry
was ordered. The first battalion dashed upon the enemy, broke three successive
lines of infantry, turned and fought back; and of one hundred and sixteen men
who started, about seventy-five formed their line again by the side of the
battery. The advance of the enemy was completely checked by this daring charge,
and the battery saved. See subjoined extract of official report of MAJOR R. J.
FALLS, First Penna. Res. Cavalry. IN THE FIELD, AUGUST 13th, 1862. SIR:
According to your instructions, I beg leave to offer the following report of a
charge, made by the first battalion of your regiment, under my immediate
command, at the battle of Cedar Mountain, on the 9th instant, at about 5
o'clock P. M. I was directed by Brigadier-General Bayard to charge through
the enemy's lines, at a point where they were supposed to be forming for a
charge on our batteries. My command consisting of Companies A, B, C, and
D, Companies A and B forming the first squadron, commanded by Captain Wm.
Litzenberg of B company; and companies C and D, composing the second squadron,
commanded by Captain J. P. Taylor of C company. Company A of the first
squadron, being commanded for the time being by First Lieutenant Wm. T. McEwen
of C company, and Lieutenant Kelly. Captain T. J. Frow being absent sick, and
First Lieutenant Wm. H. Patterson having been detached as Aid to General
Bayard, during the early part of the engagement. Company B was commanded by
Second Lieutenant R. S. Lawsha, Captain Litzenberg being in command of the
squadron, and First Lieutenant Wm. Buzby absent sick. Company C, of the second
squadron, was commanded by Second Lieutenant R. J. McNitt, Captain Taylor being
in command of a squadron, and Lieutenant Wm. McEwen detached in command of
company A. Company D was commanded by Captain I. A. McDonald, First Lieutenant
W. L. Holbrook and Second Lieutenant Wm. F. Butcher, until the former was
severely wounded and the latter killed, when the command devolved entirely on
Lieutenant Holbrook. After getting in front of the point designated, and
being in column of fours, I immediately formed squadron, my command being
already under fire. I moved forward at a rapid gait until within fifty
yards of the enemy's lines, which I found in great force, and three in number,
when I gave the command charge, when, with loud and terrific
cheering, my command charged through their lines, cutting, running down and
scattering them in every direction, causing sad havoc and discomfiture in their
ranks, as prisoners taken testify. After charging back and reforming I
found my command reduced from one hundred and sixty-four, rank and file, to
that of seventy-one, the remainder having been killed, wounded, or otherwise
placed hors du combat, by their horses falling over those killed and wounded.
Our little band there proving themselves true sons of the old Keystone
state. The third battalion, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel S. D.
Barrows, after the battle had fairly opened, was withdrawn from the skirmish
line, and stationed immediately in rear of the centre, where it remained until
ordered to withdraw at dark. The second battalion occupied a position on the
extreme right of our line of battle, as flankers and at one stage of the action
was entirely cut off by a force of the enemy, but succeeded in eluding the trap
prepared for it by remaining in its position until dark, and then coming in,
under cover of the night. Additional Particulars.-The fatigue of the previous
twenty-four hours' unremitting and exhausting service, with the heat of an
August sun and the clouds of dust the arid winds stirred from the parched
earth, had well nigh overcome the men, so that when, as the sun's last rays
vanished from the west, the enemy withdrew his pressing columns, they sank down
at their horses feet, rein in hand, and were soon lost to surrounding dangers
and the demands of supperless stomachs, in the unconscious embrace of that
sweet restorer exhausted nature so much needed. But the fleet hours of the
brief night passed before the tired soldier had half finished his grateful
repose. Morning dawned calm and beautiful, and opening day, as its approach was
heralded by the golden streams that flooded the eastern horizon, appeared, as though
conscious of the awful scene about to be enacted, to draw the rising mists as a
veil of sorrow around its opening splendors, and shed a sombre hue over the
face of nature. The first streaks of morning light was the' signal for the
soldier to shake off his slumbers, and prepare for the coming conflict. A
cracker, with a cup of coffee hastily prepared from the muddy water of a brook
hard by, made our breakfast, and we were ready. During the night the infantry
and artillery had taken their respective positions, and the cavalry, stretching
along from right to left, a few hundred yards to the front, forming the advance
skirmish line. And thus we stood firm early morning, hour after hour, in
painful suspense, awaiting the opening gun, Eleven o'clock came, and still all
was quiet, and the first keen anxiety having worn off, expressions of impatience
could be heard passing along the ranks, afretted by the weying suspense, the
feeling naturally arises in the human breast to dare the worst, rather than
wear longer the galling chain. But the scene was soon to be varied. A few
moments after eleven, Generals Crawford, Banks and Bayard with their staffs,
riding forward to reconnoitre, were opened upon by a battery, and our gunners
immediately replied, and a sharp artillery duel ensued, which was continued
with great vigor for nearly an hour, on both sides, but no infantry became
engaged. At 12 P.M., the firing had ceased and silence again reigned until half
past three, when a lone gun from a battery of the enemy, on the point of Cedar
Mountain again sounded forth the signal. Another and another immediately
answered it along the line, until, in a few minutes, the woods rang and the
hills echoed with the storm of thunder that burst from a dozen batteries; soon
the infantry, too, opened, and by four o'clock the battle raged with fury. A fiercer
or more deadly contest, between the same number, is seldom directed by the god
of war. A little more than seven thousand Union troops fought, and gallantly
held in check, from three and a half P. M. until darkness ended the carnage,
more than eight thousand rebels. From four o'clock until seven, the battle
raged with unabated fierceness, peal on peal rung out the cannon's thunder,
growing louder and more intense every moment, while crash answered crash in the
long unbroken roll of musketry, and never did her sons bear more nobly the
starry emblem of our nation's glory, than during these wearisome and awful
hours on the bloody plains around Cedar Mountain. After the battle of
Cedar Mountain, our regiment was accorded the post of honor in the extreme
advance, and remained there, when our men were actually shot in camp by the
enemy's pickets, for about a week. When Pope retired, on the 19th of
August, General
Bayard's command, increased to five regiments, formed the rear guard. Moving
slowly back we passed through Culpepper at ten o'clock at night, and reaching
Brandy station at midnight, rested until morning. At daylight our outposts were
attacked by the enemy. Supporting them strongly and gradually falling back, we
kept him at a respectful distance until we neared the Rappahannock, when
gathering his forces for a final attack, with the view of turning our flank,
and cutting us off from the river, he made a dashing charge, first on the
second New York cavalry, which, struck while forming, was broken, and next on
the first New Jersey cavalry which shared the same fate, by the second New
York, which was in their immediate front, riding through and confusing its
ranks. This occurred in a strip of woods that skirted an open, cleared country,
which extended in a semicircle of half a mile from the ford, and the First
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, which had passed on, and just emerged from the
woods as the attack was made, drew up in line, one half in the open field,
facing the woods and the other on one side, partially concealed by it. On came
the Johnnies after breaking the line in the woods, yelling and whooping, and
doubtlessly supposing they would have it all their own way, but they were
shortly led to think otherwise. As soon as they had emerged from the woods, the
First Pennsylvania moved on them from the front and at the same time swept
around an unlooked-for column on the flank. This brought them very quickly to a
stand and about the time they were preparing to take the back track, the two
regiments in the woods which had in the mean time rallied, came thundering down
on their rear, completing their route, and scattering them in every direction.
Remaining in battle line for some time and no enemy making his appearance, we
crossed the river. On the 21st, we again joined Generals McDowell and Sieoel's
forces, and did picket duty, and participated in the skirmishes along the
Rappahannock, from Rappahannock Station to Sulphur Springs, until we retired
with General Siegel to Gainesville on the evening of the 27th, having been on constant
duty and under fire every day. Immediately on crossing Ye river, Company E,
Captain M. L. French; Company F, Captain A. Davidson; Company G, Captain D.
Gardner, and
Company H, Captain Theodore Streck, the whole under charge of Major J. H. Ray
were detached from the regiment and sent to Beverly Ford, on picket. The next
day, the 22nd, having been relieved by a body of infantry and a battery of
artillery, the battalion retired a short distance from the river to rest and
graze their horses and just when some of the men had unsaddled and were
grooming their horses, others absent hunting forage, and the detachment
scattered generally, the enemy opened a battery of six guns on the point and at
the same time charged across the river with a body of cavalry. But, although
taken at this great disadvantage, those who were present immediately rallied,
forming line and holding the enemy back, until the balance of the command had
all got together, when it withdrew without the loss of a man or horse. From
this place the battalion was ordered on special duty at General Pope's
headquarters and continued thus employed until after the battle of Bull Run,
when it returned to the regiment. On the 22nd day of August, also, a party of
about a dozen men, in charge of Sergeant H. A. Wood, Regimental C. S. Sergeant,
on their way from Catlett's Station to the regiment with rations, were waylaid
and fired on by a squad of rebel infantry near Sulphur Springs, and at the same
time closed in on from the rear by a squadron of cavalry and compelled to
surrender. During the following night, however, Sergeant Wood succeeded in
making his escape and joined the regiment next morning. About the same time
also, Jackson reached the rear of our army at Manasses Junction, cut off our
supplies and the regiment was forced to subsist for the next ten days, on the
scanty fare this desolate and wasted region afforded, which consisted
principally of green corn, savored by an occasional emaciated sheep or pig. All
who experienced the hardships of these, the most trying days the regiment had
yet passed through, will remember the sleepless nights, after days of
exhausting toil, and the commencement of another day's duty, without the
-preface of a breakfast or the prospect of a dinner, and as for our horses with
their backs actually putrid from the constant pressure and wear of the saddles,
which had not been permitted to be removed for weeks, fell down in the ranks
from exhaustion and starvation, and were abandoned by the wayside. “This was
headquarters-in the saddle. The night following the day that Jackson made
his attack on Manasses, a portion of Stuart's cavalry, made a descent on
Catlett's Station, where, with, others, our division and regimental trains were
parked, but by the energy and gallantry of Captain R. R. Corson, Division
Quartermaster and Lieutenant George H. Baker, Regimental Quartermaster, who had
collected the dismounted men and teamsters and barricaded the camp and prepared
to resist an attack, and with the aid of Colonel Kane and a small party of
Bucktails, who were encamped close by, succeeded in driving the raiders off
before they accomplished any damage further than the destruction of half dozen
of General Pope's headquarter teams.

BATTLE OF BULL RUN.
During the 28th day of August, we were acting as flankers and skirmishers to
McDowell's army and received the enemy's first fire, near Gainesville. The next
day attached to General Reynold's Division, we spent the whole day on the
extreme left of the army, being under fire most of the time and occupied the
same comparative position next day, till called on to form part of the column
of cavalry, preparing for a grand charge. When the left wing of the army was
forced back, we, with the other cavalry-were detailed to arrest the stampede
and were engaged in this until night-fall covered the bloody scenes of that
ill-fated field. With picket and skirmish daily, we, as part of the rear guard,
closed up the remainder of that memorable retreat, and then with little more
than one hundred horses and two hundred available men, commenced a new picket
line outside of Washington. 

EXTRACT FROM AN ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE.
The First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry claims the honor of drawing the
first fire and of receiving the last, in the ever-memorable battle of the
Second Bull Run. On the morning of the 28th day of August, 1862, one squadron1
Companies I and M got between Jackson and Longstreet on the Thoroughfare Gap
pike, and captured and brought out ninety-seven prisoners. The next morning
Colonel Owen Jones made a reconnoissance toward Centreville, and was opened
upon by a light battery of the enemy, this being the first shot fired on either
side. On the evening, of the 30th, Sergeant (now First Lieutenant) F. S. Morgan
with ten men held a road leading to Centreville until all the wounded were
removed from the buildings in his rear. The rebels brought up a battery of four
guns and attempted to drive the little squad, but without avail, until their
task was completely accomplished, and this was the last fire of the
engagement.

CAMP SOUTH OF WASHINGTON.
Establishing camp, September 1st, near Munson's Hill, on the outskirts of the
defences of Washington, picketing the approaches of the city, where we remained
some six weeks refitting for the field. About the middle of September, five
companies, G, H, I, K and L, under command of Major R. J. Falls, were sent to
do duty with General Siegel at Centreville, and were employed in picketing the
line of Bull Run and scouting the plains of Manassas. On the 12th of October, a
scout was made to Warrenton consisting of this detachment from our regiment,
and one of about the same strength from the First New Jersey Cavalry, all under
command of Lieutenant-Colonel Karze, (First New Jersey), which after a brief
skirmish drove a body of the enemy's cavalry from the place, entered the town
and captured and paroled-upwards of fourteen hundred sick and wounded soldiers,
who had been brought here by the enemy, from the battle-field of Bull Run. On
the 10th of October, the balance of the regiment in camp, led the advance and
covered the return of the division in a four days' scout from Bailey's Cross
Roads to the Rappahannock.

SECOND ADVANCE FROM TIE POTOMAC OF 1862.
On the morning of the 27th day of October, in the face of the pelting torrents
of rain and sweeping gusts of a fierce equinoctial, we again took up our line
to march southward. Our column consisted of some dozen regiments of cavalry,
with the necessary train and transportation, and we consequently moved very
slowly. More than half the day was spent before we were fairly on the road, and
night came on before we had gotten a dozen miles from camp. The next day we
marched to the plains of Chantilly and establishing that place as a centre,
immediately engaged in scouting the country beyond, as far as the
Bull Run mountains on the west, and the Rappahannock on the south. On the
thirty-first with a force consisting of the First New Jersey, our own regiment
and four pieces of artillery, we were attacked by an equal force of the enemy, at
the village of Aldie, situated on the Middleburg and Upperville pike, and in a
Gap of the Bull Run mountains. After a spirited action of some two hours, the
enemy were repulsed and we remained master of the field. On the 4th of
November, we marched to join forces with General McClellan's advance, which was
moving southward from the Potomac, along the east side of the Blue Ridge.
Halted for the night a short distance beyond Middleburg, and resuming march
next morning, reached Upperville late in the afternoon; and, a few hours after,
General Pleasanton had driven the enemy from the place. Early on the morning of
the 6th, we resumed the march, and after traveling a circuitous route of twenty
miles, reached the Wa6rloo pike, some three miles southwest of Warrenton. Here
we met the enemy, who immediately opened a battery on the head of our column.
Captain H. S. Thomas' squadron, companies L and M, was at once ordered forward
as skirmishers, supported by companies I and K. Captain D. Gardner, with
company G, was sent down the pike toward Waterloo, while Colonel Owen Jones,
with the balance of the regiment, pushed across the country with the deed of
intercepting the enemy on the Sulphur Spring pike, But only waiting to give us
a few shell, he limbered up before our guns could be gotten in position, and
made off with such speed as to baffle all attempts to overtake him. Our
artillery, however, paid its compliments to the support of his battery, (which
consisted of about a regiment of cavalry,) in the shape of a shower of shot and
shell, as they dashed over the hill in their endeavors to elude our cavalry.
After the pursuit was discontinued, and the different detachments had rejoined
the command, we resumed the march, passing through Warrenton and halting for
the night a few miles out on the Fayetteville road. Next morning, the 7th, we
started in a heavy snow storm for Fayetteville, and reaching it about noon,
remained there until nearly dark, when we again
moved forward in the direction of Rappahannock station. Arriving in the
vicinity of the bridge, at nine P. M., Colonel Jones was ordered to charge the
fording with the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, and save the bridge, if
possible; which movement he accomplished with such skill and dash, as to
completely surprise the enemy and drive him off before he could reach the
bridge; or do any injury to it. On the following morning we went into camp near
the station and remained for twelve days, picketing the various fords above and
below this point. On the night of the 19th we were again in column of route,
slowly plodding our way through mud and rain and intense darkness, toward
Falmouth. After eight hours wearisome travel we reached Morrisville, seven
miles distant, and halted until morning. Again on the road, we reached Hartwood
church, drenched with rain and covered with mud; and the next day, after a
wearisome march, made through mud kneedeep to our horses, we made Brook's
station, and established camp. Picketing and scouting in the direction of the
Occoquan river and Dumfries, made up the duties of the regiment for the four
weeks we remained here. 

BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG.
At early dawn, on the morning of the 10th of December, we received orders to
break camp and be ready to move at once; this was not done without some regret,
as the men had already prepared neat and comfortable winter quarters. The line
of march was commenced an hour or two before night, in the direction of
Falmouth. The roads being completely covered with ice, and darkness setting in
it became very difficult to advance over the hilly and uneven road, and we soon
halted for the night. In the saddles again at six the next morning and reached
Falmouth about noon. Forming a mile to the rear of the town, we remained in
that position until evening, when, retiring to a wood just in our rear,
picketed our horses, and building huge fires, were soon bivouacked for the
night, all except companies I and K, Captains J. M. Gaston and J. H. Williams,
which were sent to the river at dark to cross on the lower pontoon, and picket
on the other side between the enemy's outposts and the pontoon bridge. The
night was intensely cold, and little sleep was had by the regiment, but the
morning dawned clear and beautiful on the heights, where, soon after daylight,
we stood formed ready for the advance; though the river and the lowlands,
which, at this place, skirt its banks on the north side for half a mile, and on
the south for full a mile back from the water's edge, were shrouded in thick
clouds of mist. The regiment, with the brigade, reached the river bank about
nine A. M., and in half an hour had passed over the pontoons and taken position
on the hostile shore. Here we were joined by the squadron sent forward the
night previous to picket, and the regiment having been detailed as advance
skirmishers, with orders to proceed until we found the enemy, our line was at
once formed, stretching for a mile across the plains, and the advance
commenced. We found the enemy about a mile from the river, just beyond the
railroad, in force, and reported his position. General Bayard having visited
the front, ordered the regiment to fall back across the railroad; this movement
was instantly followed by the enemy's skirmishers, and his battle line moving
forward at the same time opened hotly upon us. Our carbineers replied coolly
and rapidly, holding the position for fully an hour against these odds, and
until the infantry skirmishers of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps relieved us.
The next day we were again deployed as skirmishers, our line stretching across
the field the entire breadth of our left wing, and through the dreadful length
of that disastrous day, we were compelled to sit, a target for the enemy's
artillery, (which poured from the adjacent heights a continuous stream of iron
death on the plain below,) living an age in an hour, and every moment dragged
out to an agonizing length by the oppressive suspense, produced by the grand
and appalling surroundings, still the regiment remained where it had been
placed, not a man swerving from his post, until the shades of night began to
settle down upon that plain, now smoking with the warm life's blood of fifteen
thousand Union soldiers, when we were relieved and withdrawn to the river bank.

DEATH OF GENERAL BAYARD.
About three o'clock in the afternoon of the 13th, when the storm of battle
raged the fiercest, and flying shot and shell were crashing through our ranks
and ploughing up the earth around us, the sad tidings of the fall of our
beloved general reached us. It fell like a thunderbolt upon the regiment; men
forgot themselves in danger in their anxious solicitude for their general, and
plainly, for a while, could be discerned along that unwavering line of brave
men, the stern and rigid lineaments battle stamps upon the features, softening
into gentler lines beneath the melting influence of sympathy and sorrow, and
then again growing doubly frigid and unrelenting, as revenge brought back to
mind who dealt the murderous blow. No one, among the many heroes who have
fallen in this war, possessed more fully and unfeignedly the love and esteem of
those whom he honored as their leader, than did General Bayard of his command,
and especially of his own regiment the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry. To
this brilliant and lamentable soldier and unsurpassed cavalry officer, the
regiment owes the completeness of its organization, the rapidity of its
training, the skill and steadiness of movement which have rendered it so
successful in its maneuvers and evolutions in the face of the enemy, the
careful training in picket duty, which have spared it the mortification of
surprise, and enables it thus far, to exhibit a record in this respect few
regiments can equal, and to his training and example the steadiness and quiet
courage which rendered its actions so conspicuous on this bloody field, and
drew from General Reynolds the highest encomiums as it stood unwavering under
the whole weight of fire from Jackson's line, holding its position until
relieved. It is not unworthy of note here, that the First Pennsylvania Reserve
Cavalry was the only cavalry regiment actively engaged in this ill-advised and
sanguinary battle, the balance of the brigade, which crossed the river with us,
having been massed under cover of the river bank, where it remained during the
whole engagement. 

EXTRACT OF REPORT OF COLONEL OWEN JONES,
CONTAINING ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS OF OPERATIONS OF THE
REGIMENT, FROM OCTOBER 27TH TO DECEMBER 14TH, 1862.
As Colonel of The First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, I have the honor to
report to you the service performed by this regiment since the commencement of
this present campaign: On the 27th of October, I left Bailew's cross
roads, and marched to Chantilly, and a few days after was ordered with Bayard's
brigade to report to General McClellan. On the 31st had a small skirmish
with a cavalry force of the enemy, supported by a battery, at Aldie. On
the 6th of November, companies L and M, Captains H. S. Thomas and Lieutenant H.
S. Gaul being in advance, the brigade moving on Warrenton, were attacked by the
Seventh Virginia Cavalry, with an artillery support. The engagement was short
and decisive. The enemy were soon driven from their positions with loss of
killed and captured. Immediately after I entered Warrenton with a portion
of my regiment, and was shortly after joined by the other regiments connected
with the Pennsylvania Reserves, and the remainder of General Bayard's brigade,
in the afternoon of that day. During a violent snowstorm, I was ordered forward
with two battalions of the regiment, and a section of artillery, to seize and
save the bridge, at Rappahannock station. My cavalry cut off and captured the
picket stationed at the north side of the river for the protection of the
bridge. A regiment of infantry encamped on the opposite side, was shelled and
driven from their camp, leaving behind them their tents and material, including
the luggage and mess chests of the officers, which were subsequently taken possession
of by my men. Thus successfully carrying out the objects of the expedition. I
held the bridge for about forty-eight hours until relieved by a brigade of
infantry. From that time until the 19th, the regiment was engaged in
guarding the various fords above and below the bridge, during which time
various detachments had several slight skirmishes with the enemy. On the
evening of the 19th, the regiment moved for Brooks Station, where it arrived on
the 22nd, and there remained until the 10th day of December, doing picket and
scouting duty. Arrived opposite Fredericksburg on the 11th of December,
early on the morning of the 12th, the regiment was ordered to take the advance
of the brigade, crossed the Rappahannock where we were joined by two companies
that had passed the river the evening previous to do picket duty. By
order of General Bayard, the regiment was then deployed as skirmishers in front
of the brigade, and advanced cautiously through a thick fog, meeting and
driving before them the advance post of the enemy, and holding their position
until relieved by the advance of the infantry. In doing this duty a very severe
skirmish occurred, in which a number of men and horses were killed and wounded.
The companies deployed as skirmishers, were under the command of Captain
William T. McEwen, M. L. French, H. C. Beamer, H. S. Thomas and Lieutenant H.
S. Gaul. I cannot speak in too high terms of the officers and men engaged
in this affair. All did their duty nobly. This regiment was the only one
actually engaged in the fight of that clay and bivouacked for the night on the
field. The day following I was ordered with my regiment to report to
General Reynolds, for duty, and by him was directed to watch the motions of the
enemy on the left of the army during the entire day, exposed to a storm of shot
and shell, seldom, if ever equaled. That duty was performed, and I have reason
to believe, to the full and entire satisfaction of the officers in command, no
other cavalry being in that portion of the field. The men remained during
the night in the position held by them during the battle: our loss having been
heavy in horses, although, fortunately few of the men were hurt. The day
following we were ordered to recross the river and picket the north bank of the
Rappahannock for a distance of some ten miles below Fredericksburg, which duty
is now being performed. It gives me great pleasure to be able to say that
during the entire time, none of my men have been captured. 

WINTER QUARTERS AT BELL PLAIN LANDING, VA.
The regiment continued thus employed until the 29th of December, when it moved
to within a short distance of Bell Plain Landing, on the Potomac side of the
neck and prepared winter quarters. The industry and constructive genius of our
men soon changed the appearance of a wooded hillside, the site for our camp,
from a primeval forest, to a neat and comfortable village of seven or eight
hundred soldiers. The place of tents was supplied by huts half dug in the
hillside, with natural chimneys drilled through the bank on the upper side, and
the portion of the hut above ground, finished by logs and clap boards made from
lumber felled at the door. These quarters were all the men wished, had they
been permitted to enjoy them, but the exigencies of the service
directed otherwise, and in little more than a month the regiment was moved to
other ground about a mile distant, and its skill again tested, in constructing
quarters. Here, fortunately, it was permitted to have a nominal home until we
broke camp in April, but not to enjoy uninterruptedly its log ribbed and
mud-plastered palaces, as each alternate ten days during the whole winter was
spent on picket along the Rappahannock, in the vicinity of
King George Court House.

INCIDENTS OF THE WINTER.
On the 19th day of January, the regiment with the army, turned out to make
another attempt at dislodging the enemy from his formidable position around
Fredericksburg, by crossing the river at United States Ford, some
miles above that place, and assailing his flank. But a heavy rain storm setting
in, the roads became impassable, the artillery and trains swamping in the mud,
a few miles from their camps, and after three days splashing and floundering,
the movement was abandoned and the troops drenched, bespattered and half frozen
returned to their camps. Shortly after this move, Colonel Owen Jones resigning,
Lieutenant-Colonel J. P. Taylor was chosen Colonel of the regiment, and on the
10th of February following, Major D. Gardner, Lieutenant-Colonel. While on
picket at King George C. H., on the 17th of March a detachment consisting of
Companies F, G, L and M, under command of Major McEwen, made a scout on the
neck below, destroying a number of barges and boats employed in smuggling
contraband goods across the Rappahannock. Two nights after, another detachment,
consisting of Companies I and K, under command of Major Gaston, was sent to
West Moreland C. H. on a similar expedition. On arriving at Maddox creek, some
ten miles below, the party was divided: Captain Williams with K company taking
the road to Maddox creek landing, while Captain T. C. McGregor, with I company
proceeded on toward the Court House, and returning by way of Leedstown,
destroying a large boat and captured a smuggler's wagon, loaded with silks,
shoes, fancy goods and imperial tea. All that could be carried was packed on
the saddles, and the balance, with the wagon, was destroyed, and the party
returned next day to headquarters, having more the appearance of a travellers
caravan, than a squadron of Yankee cavalry. 

OPENING OF THE SPRING CAMPAIGN OF 1863.
At 9 A. AM., April 12th, 1863, the general, whose notes had not
greeted our ears for several months, was again sounded. Tents struck and
saddles packed, the regiment was soon on its way from Bell Plain landing, Va.,
toward the Rappahannock to do picket duty. Established picket headquarters near
King, George C. H. and picket the river from Falmouth to Port Conway. Continued
at this duty until May the 9th, when it was relieved and marched to Potomac
Creek bridge. At Port Conway, the terminus of our line of picket along the
river, a flanking chain of videttes extended across the country at right angles
with the river, for some three miles; all below this was open and unguarded and
occasional scouts were made in this region, to learn what was transpiring,
waylay smugglers and destroy contraband goods. On Sunday, the 26th day of
April, a scouting party started, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner,
to go to Leedstown, on the Northern Neck, of Va. For the purpose of capturing
some rebel soldiers, reported to be across the river visiting friends. The main
body of the party left the lower picket lines about 4, A. M., and proceeded
down on the Rappahannock road until they reached Leedstown At 12.30 M. of the
same day, Colonel Taylor, accompanied by an escort of one officer, (Lieutenant
W. A. Kennedy, Company K,) and six men, proceeded in the direction the
detachment had taken, for the purpose of intercepting it. When about eight miles
below our line, they were fired upon by a large body of the Fifteenth Virginia
(rebel) cavalry, dismounted and in ambush. Three of the number, Eli Leskelett,
Moses Hastings, and Corporal David Ackelson, all from Company I, were riddled
with bullets and fell from their horses dead, or mortally wounded. Colonel
Taylor had his cap shot from his head and Lieutenant Kennedy his horse wounded,
and both narrowly escaped being captured, by dashing through the guerrillas who
thronged the road in front of them. This cowardly crew was part of a detachment
of about three hundred who had crossed the river in two large flat boats, after
Colonel Gardner's party had passed down, with the intention of intercepting
their return. Destroying the bridges and posting parties in ambush on the
different roads, they would doubtlessly have succeeded in their dastardly
designs of murdering more of our men,
but for the alarm occasioned by the attack made on Colonel Taylor and his
party, which was communicated to Colonel Gardner, by negroes who had witnessed
the affair, thereby enabling him by skilful movements to evade the traps
arranged for him, and bring his whole party safely into camp, having succeeded
in capturing a dozen of prisoners and destroying several boats and a
considerable amount of contraband property, during their absence. The line of
the river we were engaged in picketing during this time, embraced an extent of
twenty-five miles, making the duty of the regiment, which numbered scarcely
three hundred men for duty, very severe. But we lived in a land flowing
with milk and honey, and good cheer, in part, made up for hard work. This
beautiful and fertile country, being plentifully supplied with poultry, milk
and eggs, which were readily obtained in exchange for sugar, coffee and salt;
and not unfrequently, as is the habit of soldiers, in sections not eminent for
their loyalty, with exchange all on one side. And as the spring advanced the
river swarmed with shad, herring and other choice fish, of which the Yankees
soon invented means of catching more than they could use, so that when at
length the order came for our exodus, we might have felt even loath to leave
these fair meadows, had not the cannon's roar wafted to our ears from Marye's
heights, the Wilderness and Chancellorsville, reminded us that the contest for another year had
opened and we must prepare to bear our part. At dark, on the evening of the 8th
day of May, we commenced withdrawing our pickets and bidding adieu, alike to
good living and the fair damsels of secessia who graced these regions with
their charms, though regretting most to leave the former, as soldiers very
readily learned to discriminate between the real and the visionary. We stored
our haversacks with hard tack and salt junct, and about 11 P. M. were on the
road to Falmouth. Marching all night, at sunrise we found ourselves winding
along over hill and hollow, through old camps and brush strewed clearings,
toward Potomac creek bridge. May the 18th, marched to U. S. Ford, and picketed
along the river until the 28th, then moved to Warrenton Junction, and
established camp. Here we were again engaged in picketing, but the duty was slight,
and the regiment, during the eleven days of it uninterrupted stay here, was
principally engaged in refitting, recruiting its horses, and preparing for
active operations, which were soon to follow. June the 8th, marched toward the
river and encamped within a mile of Kelley's ford. June the 9th we crossed the
river early in the morning and participated in the Battle of Brandy Station.
See annexed official report of Colonel John P. Taylor. Head Quarters let
Penna. Res. Cavalry, Warrenton Junction. JUNE 12, 1863. LIEUT. WM. P.
LLOYD, A. A. Adjt. Gen. 2nd Brig. 3d Div. C. C. LIEUTENANT I have the
honor to respectfully submit, in brief review, the part my regiment took in the
late cavalry fight at Brandy Station, Va., June 9, 1863. On Monday, the 8th,
the Cavalry Corps, commanded by General Pleasanton, according to orders, left
this place at 2,- P. M.; the first and fourth divisions commanded by General
Buford, taking up a line of march leading to Beverly ford. The second and
third divisions commanded by General Gregg, proceeded to Kelley's ford; both
commands arrived at the different fords about dark, and bivouacked for the
night. Before sunrise the following morning, the roar of cannon told us
that the ball had opened at Beverly ford. General Gregg's command
immediately proceeded to cross the river. Colonel Dufie, commanding the second
division, taking the advance, followed by the third division, and thus
proceeding to Stevensburg, about four miles from Kelley's ford. At this point,
General Gregg, leaving Colonel Dufie with his command to protect his left flank
and rear, proceeded with the third division on a road running parallel with the
river, leading direct to Brandy Station. The Second Brigade, composed of the
First Pennsylvania, First New Jersey, and First Maryland regiments, commanded
by Colonel Wyndham, took the advance, followed by the First Brigade, commanded
by Colonel Kilpatrick.  No sooner had we arrived at Brandy Station, on
the left and rear of the enemy, than their guns were opened upon us, at a range
of one thousand yards. Our battery was immediately placed in position and
engaged their guns, while Colonel Wyndham hastened to attack with his cavalry.
One battalion of the First Maryland, led by Major Russel, charged upon their
battery, followed by the remainder of the First Maryland, led by
Lieutenant-Colonel Deemes, and the First New Jersey led by Colonel Wyndham in
person. At the same time swinging my regiment around to the right, I led
a desperate charge upon their left and rear, coming up to the Barbour House, in
which was General Stuart, staff and body guard, surrounded by cavalry, with
whom we spent thirty minutes in hand to hand conflict, killing and wounding and
bringing away with us a number of prisoners, among whom was General Stuart's
assistant adjutant-general, captured but a few feet from the renowned General
Stuart himself. In this entire charge and conflict my men depended alone upon
the cavalryman's true weapon, and tested the true merit and power of the sabre.
At this stage of the fight, the enemy being heavily reinforced, we were
compelled to give way, disputing every step to our new line of battle, where
Colonel Dufie joined us with the Second Division. About this time Colonel
Wyndham, having been wounded, was obliged to turn over his command to me, and
my regiment to Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner. The enemy failing to attack us
in our new position, the whole command moved off to the right, toward
Rappahannock Station, where we again engaged the enemy with our artillery, and
ordered the First Pennsylvania to support the battery, the enemy quickly
replied, and a brisk artillery duel ensued, lasting
nearly two hours, when I received orders from General Gregg to report
immediately with my command to General Buford, at Beverly ford. With the First
Pennsylvania in advance, I pushed on rapidly and reported to General Buford,
who immediately ordered me to his extreme right, where we, for the third time,
engaged the enemy; and the First Pennsylvania displayed its usual bravery, in unsaddling
a number of the enemy, and driving them back; thus having disputed possession
of the river, and night coming on, we quietly crossed to the north side of the
river and bivouacked for the night. I cannot close this brief review,
without more especially speaking of the behavior of my officers and men, for
all seemed to vie with each other in deeds of daring; and I could have desired
no greater effort on the part of any one. I would beg leave to mention
the gallant conduct of all my field officers, Lieutenant-Colonel D. Gardner,
Major Wm. T. McEwen, Lieutenant Charles C. Townsend, adjutant of my regiment;
the latter having been on sick list for some time, and still ill, was at his
post, during the entire engagement, rendering invaluable service. Major
J. M. Gaston was not with the regiment, being at the time, on detached service,
at Division headquarters. 

ADDITIONAL SKETCH OF THE BATTLE OF BRANDY
STATION.
The 7th of June was spent in the hurry and bustle of preparation. Haversacks
were stored, cartridge boxes filled, horses shod, the sick sent back, and all
the usual preparation for active campaigning gone through with. Then commenced
the irksome and wearying delays incident to the moving of troops. Momentarily
expecting the order to move, and yet hour after hour passing, and still not
off. Evening came and night passed, and “reveille awoke us to another
day's expectancy. But we were relieved at noon. The bugle at division
headquarters sounded the general, tents were soon struck, saddles
packed, and the regiments of each brigade massed in close column, when, after
an hour or two's more delay, awaiting our trains to get on the road, the
advance was sounded. Slowly pursuing our way through the heat and clouds
of dust raised by the march of a division of cavalry over parched and arid
fields, we at length reached the vicinity of the river, and at nine P. M.
bivouacked for the night, about a mile from Kelley's ford. The unusual
precaution taken to prevent all unnecessary noise, betokened that we were in the
neighborhood of the enemy, and might soon expect an encounter. In pursuance of
previous orders, we were roused from our slumbers at three o'clock the next
morning, and before we had finished our hasty breakfast, the thunder of
Buford's cannon, borne on the calm morning air from Beverly ford, where he had
already commenced crossing his division, brought us to the saddle, and soon we
were drawn up on the river bank, around Kelley's ford, awaiting our turns to
cross. Meeting but little opposition from the enemy, in half an hour we had
passed the river, and were pressing forward into the interior. Dufie's 3rd
brigade having the advance, after proceeding some miles from the river, turned
off in the direction of Stevensburg, while our (Wyndham's) command, moved
rapidly forward, towards Brandy Station, with orders to find the enemy, and at
once engage him. These were just the orders for our gallant and dashing brigade
commander. Moving forward at a brisk trot, the First New Jersey Cavalry in
front, the First Pennsylvania Cavalry next, and Martin's battery, and the First
Maryland Cavalry bringing up the rear. In less than an hour we had reached the
vicinity of the station, and our advance guard was engaged with the enemy's
skirmishers. Hurrying our columns from the wood through which the road had led
for the last two miles, Colonel Wyndham formed his brigade in columns of
regiment, in the open field east of the Station, and heading the First New
Jersey in person, at once ordered the whole line to charge. Our sudden appearance
on the flank and rear of the enemy took him somewhat by surprise, and for some
minutes the hills and plains beyond the railroad, swarmed with galloping
squadrons of gray backs, hurrying to new positions, as their line
of battle was being changed to meet our attack. The First Maryland, with
squadron A and B from our regiment, were ordered to move down on the Station,
while Colonel Wyndham led the NewJersey against a battery on the heights 
beyond the railroad, and the balance of our regiment directed its operations 
against the Barbour house, a large Virginia Mansion, situated on a high 
knoll just beyond the railroad, and about half a mile north of the 
Station. The field now presented a scene of grand and thrilling interest. 
A whole brigade of cavalry in column of regiment moving 
steadily forward to the attack on our side, while the enemy's cavalry, 
having completed its new formation, stood in glittering lines, awaiting 
the assault, and his artillery stationed on every hill, with rapid
flash and continuous roar, belching forth its concentrated fire on the
advancing columns. But still, with undaunted firmness, the brigade, in sublime
array, moved forward, first at a steady
walk, then quickening their pace to a trot, and again as the awful space between
the battle fronts, rapidly shortened, the gallop was taken, and as the crowning
act of the grand but terrible drama, and when our line had closed on the enemy
until scarce fifty paces intervened, the order to charge rang along our front;
in an instant a thousand glittering sabres flashed in the sunlight; from a
thousand brave and confident spirits arose a shout of defiance, which, as it
rung from squadron to squadron, and was caught up by rank after rank,
mingling formed one vast, strong, full volumed battle-cry; and every trooper,
at the same time rising in his stirrups, and leaning forward to meet the shock,
dashed at headlong speed upon the foe. First came the dead heavy crash of the
meeting columns, and next the clash of sabre, the rattle of pistol and carbine,
mingling with the frenzied imprecation, the wild shriek that follows the death
blow, the demand to surrender, and the appeal for mercy, forming the horrid din
of battle. For a few brief moments the enemy stood and bravely fought, and hand
to hand and face to face raged the contest; but quailing at length before the
resistless force of our attack, and shrinking from the savage gleamed murderous
stroke of our swift-descending sabres, at length broke and fled in confusion.
Following him up, soon the whole plain for a mile in extent was covered with
flying columns, engaged in a general melee, which continued, until the enemy, coming
up with reinforcements, we withdrew and reformed. When the First Pennsylvania
Cavalry emerged from the woods, at the opening of the action, it was formed
facing, and about half a mile from the railroad, and immediately on the left
and supporting our battery. Scarcely half the regiment had gotten into
position, when the enemy opened a battery, at point blank range, from the
eminence of the Barbour house, hurling with great rapidity shot and shell into
our ranks. When we moved forward it was to storm the position, and, if
possible, capture the battery. As we marched straight forward toward the
smoking cannons' mouths, they first saluted us with spherical case, and as the
distance grew less, hurled grape and canister into our faces. But undaunted our
line moved on, and would, doubtlessly, have taken the guns, had it not been
broken in crossing an intervening ditch, which enabled the battery to move off
before the regiment could be crossed. Once beyond the ditch, we formed
ourselves at the foot or the base of the heights, forming under a heavy fire
poured on us from the garden, yard and buildings surrounding the mansion, and half
of the regiment, led by Colonel Taylor, moved on the house from the front,
while the other, with Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner at its head, swung around on
its left and rear, and both wings dashing impetuously forward, soon cleared the
enemy from the intervening space, and held possession of the ground. An
incident may be here noted illustrative of how utterly the Southern chivalry
detest and dread the rough arguments of cold steel, when wielded by the
Northern mechanic's sinewy arm. Just as we were raising the hill, in our
charge, a bold and audacious rebel rode forward from their ranks and called
out,  Put up your sabres, put up your sabres, draw your pistols and fight
like gentlemen; but the mechanics, farmers and laborers of Pennsylvania placed
too great confidence in their tried blades and the iron nerves of their right
arms, to follow his advice, and soon these kid-gloved gentry blanched and
shrank from the weight of their sturdy strokes. We here met the flower of
Stuart's cavalry, composed of his own body guard, and White's celebrated
battalion and though unaware at the time, had stormed and carried his
headquarters; this we learned from his adjutant-general who was among the
prisoners taken. June the 10th we returned to camp at Warrenton Junction, and
resumed picket duty at that place. On the afternoon of the 13th were again on
the march. Halting near Warrenton, Companies A, 13 and C, Captains Wm. H.
Patterson, R. J. McNitt and Lieutenant R. S. Lawsha, with Captain Wm.
Litzenberg in charge of the detachment, was sent forward to picket in the
direction of Sulphur Springs and Waterloo, and remaining here until nine P. M.
of the 15th, when the regiment quietly withdrew, and marching all night,
reached Manassas Junction the next morning, where, in a few hour after, it was
joined by the pickets.

BATTLES OF 20TH, 21ST AND 22D, FROM ALDIE'S TO
ASHBY'S GAP.
The division having concentrated here, was supplied with rations, forage and
ammunition, and after a day's rest, took up its line of march on the morning of
the 15th, and moving westward, over the old Bull Run battle ground, struck the
Centreville pike, and reached Aldie on the afternoon of the 17th. At dark on
the 18th, we received orders to move down the east side of the mountains to
Thoroughfare Gap, and hold it until relieved. Starting in a violent thunder
storm, we groped our way through blinding darkness, over a miserable road,
arriving at Hay Market at one A. M., stood to horse until morning,
and then found the Gap. Relieved the following night, by the Second Corps, we
rejoined the division on the morning of the 21st, at Aldie. Here Stuart's whole
force was again met by our cavalry corps, and after two days' desperate
fighting was forced back a distance of fourteen miles, and his routed and
scattered columns pushed into the gaps of the Blue Ridge. Our cavalry never
displayed more determined and persistent courage than during these memorable
actions. Stone fences, with which this country is covered, rocks, ravines,
woods, ditches, buildings and every thing available for defence was held by the
enemy, with a stubborn tenacity only excelled by the dashing bravery of our
troops. As often as dislodged from one position he rallied on the next, holding
it until again forced back by our resistless charges. As our division acted as
reserves, we were not engaged until the morning of the 22d, when we were
ordered to the front, and covered our retiring columns from Upperville back to
Aldie; the enemy following in force, pressed heavily on our brigade, the rear
guard. The First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry held the left, and the First New
Jersey the right of the pike, and although they were several-times during the
day attacked with great vigor and determination by the enemy, as often hurled
back his charging columns in confusion. At Brandy Station, Stuart's vaunting
legions received their first lesson of the prowess of the Yankee cavalry, and
here the finishing stroke, which reduced them to that point of inefficiency and
worthlessness of which General Lee complained so bitterly in his official
report of the invasion of Pennsylvania. The Cavalry Corps, taking position
again on the heights around Aldie, the enemy made no attempt to push further.

CAMPAIGN INTO PENNSYLVANIA.
Remaining at Aldie until the 26th to protect the crossing of the infantry and
trains at Edward's Ferry, then moved forward toward the Potomac. The regiment,
as the extreme rear guard, was the last to quit Aldie, and reached Leesburg
about dark. Resuming march again next morning, we reached the river about ten,
A. M., at Edward's Ferry, and crossing at two, P. M., drew up in close column
of squadron on the Maryland shore. This was the first time the regiment had
been north of the Potomac since its first advance into Dixie, October the 10th,
1861. Its operations having been confined to an area of about seventy miles
square, extending from Fredericksburg and the northern neck of Virginia on the
east, to the Blue Ridge on the west, and from the Potomac on the north to the
Rappahannock and Rapidann rivers and Shenandoah Valley on the south and
southwest. So often had this section of the sacred soil been traversed by the
marching and counter-marching of the regiment, that every road, lane, and
by-path were as familiar to us as the localities of our own homes. There was
scarcely a town in the whole stretch of country around which we had not engaged
the enemy, and more than once had the streets of some, as Warrenton, Aldie,
Salem, and Culpepper, rung with the clatter of our charging squadrons, as we
hurried the flying enemy from their vicinities; scarcely a place dignified with
the name of village, which was not marked as a skirmish ground; a cross road at
which we had not stood post, or a fordable point on the Rappahannock, from Port
Conway, on the east, to where it dwindled to a mountain brook in Western
Virginia, or on the Rapidann, from its mouth southward to Madison Court House,
that we had not guarded. So that when once freed from the barren wastes and the
putrid air of this war-cursed region, it was not without emotions of joy that
we again, after twenty months' absence, pressed a friendly soil, and once more
breathed the atmosphere of loyalty, although we had come to roll back the tide
of invasion from our own homes, and protect our own hearthstone from a ruthless
foe. At dark, on the same evening, we again commenced our march northward,
passing through Poolesville and Barnesville, and reaching Urbana at daylight,
halted to breakfast. Resuming march again, crossed the
Monocacy river at the junction, and halted about eleven, A. AI., a mile east of
Frederick city. Were the regiment was detailed on special service at corps
head-quarters, and ordered to the city to do provost duty. Leaving two
companies, G and L, Captain F. P. Confer and Lieutenant H. S. Gaul, for provost
duty, the regiment again moved forward on the afternoon of the 29th, reaching
Middleburg at two, A. AL., the 30th. Again on the road at daylight, arrived at
Taneytown on the afternoon, and encamped in a strip of woods a short distance
beyond. 

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.
At ten o'clock, P. M., July the 1st, resumed march northward, and traveling all
night, reached the battlefield at nine, A. M., of the 2nd, and took a position,
as support for the reserve artillery of the cavalry corps, immediately in rear
of the left centre, and remaining here all day, were withdrawn a mile to the
rear at night. Toward evening of this day, a fierce assault was made on the
left wing of the battle line, which caused it to waver for a while before the
fury of the onset; but the Fifth Corps coming up, just in time, a charge from
the Pennsylvania Reserves, hurled the enemy back, retaking not only the ground
lost, but pushed our line forward a half mile beyond the original position.
Returning to our former post, on the morning of the 3d. The battle opened at
daylight on the right, and raged fiercely for several hours, but the centre and
left remaining inactive until about two, P. M., when the enemy, in his last
desperate effort, hurled forward the concentrated weight of his force on our
centre and left. The action opened here again with redoubled fury, and with the
view of opening a way for his advancing columns through our left centre, a
point just in advance of the position occupied by the regiment, he poured a
converging fire of more than one hundred guns on our line. The regiment, though
not engaged, was exposed to the full force of the terrific storm, but continued
in its position until withdrawn from the range of that blasting withering
stream of death. Moving a short distance to the rear, we remained until the
enemy's massed columns were rolled back in confusion and defeat from the fiery
front of our battle-line, for the last time, and the shouts of victory, first
starting from Cemetery Hill, were caught up by division after division, and
echoing from line to line and corps to corps, until the hills and woods and the
whole broad country, covered by our vast army, rung with one long, loud shout
of triumph; a shout that filled all hearts with rejoicing, that made the
wounded forget their anguish, and which, as it fell on the ear of the dying,
brightened once more the glazed eye with life's sparkle, and wreathed once
again the pallid countenance with the smile of joy. And well might every heart
rejoice. The day was won. Victory was ours. The rebel hordes were beaten back.
Pennsylvania was rescued from the foul grasp of traitors, her fair domain
spared the blighting curse of sweeping armies, and our nation's Capitol saved!
At sundown we received orders to withdraw from the field, and find grazing for
our horses. Retiring some two miles to the rear, we turned into a field of
grass, unsaddled and turned loose our jaded and almost famished horses, had
supper, the first meal we had been permitted to prepare for two days, and wrapping
our blankets about us, and lying down, though pelted by a dashing rain storm,
were soon enjoying an uninterrupted and refreshing night's sleep. Still raining
next morning, and continued most of the day. Though our Nation's Birthday, all
was quiet, every one appearing exhausted by the straining tension, to which
both mind and body had been subject for the last three thrilling and momentous
days, and the severe and wearing services of the two weeks previous. Enemy
still in position beyond Gettysburg, but no movement of importance in front,
all seeming, with common consent, to be spending the day in resting and
resuscitating their wearied and exhausted powers. Resuming the march again on
the 5th, retraced our steps through Taneytown, turned southward through
Greenesville, crossed the Doublepike and Monocacy rivers, and halted for the
night a few miles east of Emmetsburg, and near Creagerstown. As we passed
through this section, the people assembled from all the neighboring districts
 to see the army, and never did soldiers enjoy the luxuries of
richly stored pantries than did the Union troops in passing through this
fertile region. As we moved on, toward evening reports were brought to us that
a heavy body of the enemy's cavalry was moving down the Emmetsburg pike.
Halting before we reached the pike, we sent forward and soon found the rumor to
be idle talk. Next day, the 6th, we moved a mile or two forward, and within
sight of Creagerstown, and as the regiment was alone, and in charge of eighteen
pieces of artillery, the reserve of the cavalry corps, it was thought advisable
not to move further without more support, halted and remained until next day,
awaiting orders. Marched back through Frederick city on the 7th, and halting
for an hour to receive rations and forage, proceeded over the mountain to
Middletown, and stopped just beyond for the night. Rained very heavily and
found great difficulty in procuring camping ground for the regiment in the
darkness. On the afternoon of the 8th, moved forward to the base of South
Mountain. On the road again on the morning of the 9th, crossing South
3Mountain, on the old Sharpsburg road, and over the battle-ground of the year
before. On the summit, a stone pillar erected, marks the spot where General
Reno fell, and moving on to the outskirts of Boonsboro', bivouacked for the
night. Remained here during the 10th, and on the 11th was relieved from duty
with the reserve artillery, and ordered to report again to corps head-quarters.
Moved up to the headquarters and encamped in a wood on the bank of the Antietam
creek. Rejoined the-brigade again on the 12th at Boonsboro', where we encamped
and remained two days, awaiting the concentrating of the divisions While at
Frederick city, Company A, Captain William H. Patterson, and Company B, Captain
William Litzenberg, commanding the squadron, was temporarily detached as an
escort for army headquarter's train, until July the 4th, when the squadron was
ordered to report to Major-General Sedgwick, and formed the advance skirmish
line of the Sixth Corps, in its pursuit of the enemy to the bank of the
Potomac, at Williamsport, where it was relieved and rejoined the regiment at
Boonsboro' on the 12th.

RETURN TO VIRGINIA.
The morning of the 14th again found us in the saddle, with our faces turned
southward, and at eight, A. M., the Division took up its line of march toward
Harper's Ferry, where, crossing the river over a bridge of pontoons, we formed
close column, just beyond Bolivar, the upper town, and halted for the night. In
a slight skirmish, just after passing the river, our advance, a squadron of the
First New Jersey captured a rebel colonel. Squadron I and K was sent forward
about a mile from town, to picket the approaches to it. At sunrise the next
morning, the advance was again commenced, the Second Brigade in front.
Proceeding some two miles forward, on the Winchester pike, the command turned
to the right, and by the river road, reached Shepherdstown at noon, and
immediately established a strong skirmish line encircling the town, as the
enemy had shown himself in considerable force at different points. During the
afternoon, the town was searched, and a considerable quantity of bacon, with
other stores which had been collected for the rebel army, found and distributed
to the command. 

BATTLE OF SHEPERDSTOWN, VIRGINIA.
Our column not resuming the advance, and the enemy apparently not disposed to
make the attack, the night and the next morning up to eleven o'clock, passed
without any hostile demonstration having been made on either side. But shortly
after this, the enemy, doubtlessly having been reinforced, began to display a
bolder front, and about noon the rattle of carbines on the right and rear of
the town, where the Second Brigade was formed, gave evidence that the
skirmishers were engaged. The artillery also soon
opening, in less than half an hour the whole right had become engaged, though
not a shot had been fired from our line, which extended from the left of the
Second Brigade, eastward and nearly parallel with the river. But we were not to
remain idle long; the enemy's first point of attack, as is generally the case,
was but a feint, to conceal his real intention, and suddenly opening eight
pieces of artillery on our left, he directed a succession of vigorous and heavy
charges against it with the view of breaking the line, but our cool and gallant
commander, General Gregg, had too often played the chess of battle to be caught
in this manner. A sufficient force, well protected by a high stone fence and
thick wood, was in position to meet the attack, and gallantly resisting every
effort, at length drove him back. Foiled in his object here, he again turned
his attention to the Second Brigade. Renewing his attack on its lines with
redoubled energy, and our regiment, which thus far had acted as reserve, was
ordered to its support. Crossing an open space of nearly a mile, in face of the
enemy's batteries, and turning down
the Charlestown pike, and moving along it by column of fours, a half mile
further in direct line with a battery, sweeping its entire length, we took up
the position assigned us. Companies I and K, Captains McGregor and Williams
were immediately dismounted and sent to the right, and Company C, Captain
McNitt, Lieutenant H. McClenahan and Lieutenant Nelson; and Company D, Captain
McDonald, Lieutenant Holbrook and Lieutenant Walker to the left to reinforce
the skirmish line, while the balance of the regiment present, consisting of
Company A, Lieutenant Kelly, and Lieutenant Wilson; Company B, Captain
Litzenberg and Lieutenant Buzby; Company E, Captain Newman and Lieutenant
Akers, and Company F, Captain Davidson and Lieutenant Lucas remained mounted
with sabres drawn to charge, in case the enemy should break the advance line.
The regiment remained in this position for two hours and a half, and until the
action ceased at dark, although all the while subject to heavy fire of infantry
at close range, and a cross-fire of artillery. As night approached, the enemy
became more desperate in his efforts to force our line, and made charge after
charge on different points of it with both cavalry and infantry, aided by
storms of grape and canister, but the rapid and deadly volleys of our carbines
as often forced him back. At midnight we were withdrawn, and the Division
marching through a drenching rain storm, reached Harper's Ferry at nine A. M.
next day, and encamping on the sloping declivities of Bolivar Heights, remained
until the 19th. 

AGAIN EAST OF THE BLUE RIDGE.
At the sound of the  general, shelter tents were struck, saddles
hurriedly packed, and two P. M. found us mounted in line and ready again for
the advance. Crossing the Shenandoah and passing around the base of Loudon
Heights, we moved forward some six mile, and forming close column of squadron,
picketed our horses and bivouacked for the night. On the road again at an early
hour, next morning, moved slowly forward as rear guard, and in charge of the
train, reaching Perryville, on the Leesburg and Winchester pike, at dark. Here
Companies G and L joined the regiment, from Frederick city. At noon on the
21st, arrived at Hillsboro', encamped in a wood, and remained until the 
23d, having our horses shod, and the regiment supplied with rations, 
forage and ammunition. Dress parade in the evening of 22d. A short respite 
of two days, and again southward bound, reaching Snicker's Gap, the 
Brigade halted, and our regiment was sent forward to picket Ashby's Gap, 
Pelieving the Seventh Michigan Cavalry, a squadron was sent forward to the 
gap, and the balance of the regiment encamped in a wood, in rear of the 
village. On the night of the 24th, the pickets reported the enemy 
approaching, and the regiment was turned out, but it proved to be a small party
of guerrillas prowling around the lines. On the 25th, a small party under
charge of Captain R. J. McNitt, made a scout along the mountain, north of the
gap, and succeeded in securing several horses, which had been brought by the
enemy from Pennsylvania, and placed there in concealment. Withdrew the pickets
at dark on the 26th, Sunday evening, and taking up the line of march, passed
through Upperville, along the Aldie and Middleburg pike, to Middleburg, where
we joined the brigade at two o'clock next morning. At five, A. M., again in
column of route, moving over roads rendered almost impassable by the recent
rains, through Salem and Thoroughfare Gap to New Baltimore, and thence along
the pike to Warrenton, encamping at nine, P. M., about two miles east of town.
Weather exceedingly warm. Marched at seven o'clock next morning, the 28th, to
Warrenton Junction. Returned to Warrenton next day, and went into camp. Had
anticipated a few days rest here, but were again on the road on the morning of
the 30th, and with the division crossed the Rappahannock a short distance above
Waterloo, and moving south some eight miles, to Amisville, establishing camp,
commenced picketing toward Jefferson and the Hazel river. On the 31st, Captain
J. Newman, with portions of E and F companies made a reconnoisance to Hazel
river, and found the enemy in force on the other side. At three o'clock on the
morning of August the 1st, our line of pickets was ordered to be advanced to
the Hazel river; meeting no opposition, they reached it in an hour, and when
day dawned and the enemy discovered our line stretching across the country so near
them, betook themselves to very rapid preparations for an attack, but after
remaining in battle line for some time, and finding that we made no further
advance, went into camp again, and some
of them coming down to the river, which was scarcely ten paces wide, made
stipulation for neither party to fire, as long as no attempt was made by either
to cross the river. Scouted on the 4th, in the direction of Culpepper, and
found the enemy in force, a short distance beyond the river. Again in the
saddle for a scout at three, A. M., on the 5th, and crossing Hazel river at
daylight, we advanced to Muddy run, some six miles beyond. The enemy, who had
permitted us to advance thus far without offering any opposition, now
commenced throwing heavy columns around
on our flanks, with the view of cutting us off. But discovering his object, We
deployed a heavy rear and flank guard, and commenced a rapid return; and though
greatly outnumbered by the enemy, who made frequent efforts to reach our rear,
but were beaten back and foiled in every attempt, we finally reached the river,
after an hour's sharp skirmishing, without the loss of a man. Returned to the
north side of the Rappahannock on the 8th and encamped near Sulphur Springs;
the whole regiment sent on picket. On the 9th, Lieutenant George W. Lyon, of
Company I, with a party of sixteen men, crossed the river on a scout, and being
cut off by the enemy, was supposed captured; but making his way safely through the
enemy's lines, joined General Buford's command and returned to the regiment
next day by the way of Beverly ford. Continuing on picket until the 15th, when
we moved to Warrenton and established camp. Here Company H, Captain W. S.
Craft, Lieutenants T.
C. Lebo and E. C. Forsyth, which were detailed on special duty at headquarters,
Sixth Army Corps, on the 22d of last February, rejoined the regiment. During
its absence, the company was present with the Sixth Corps at the battle and
storming of Marye's heights, in rear of Fredericksburg, May 3d, and on the 2d
and 3d of July, at the battle of Gettysburg. A scout on the 18th to Salem by
Companies A, B, and I, under command of Captain McGregor, and on the 19th by
the whole regiment to Greenwich and Gainesville. Re-crossed the Rappahannock on
the 24th, and moved to Jefferson on picket, and returned to Warrenton on the
27th. The 1st, 2d, and 3d of September were spent on regimental and brigade
drill. The regiment sent on picket again on the 4th; established a line from
Rappahannock, northwest along Carter's creek, where an outpost was surprised on
the night of the 6th, and Lieutenant George W. Lyon and Corporal Barre were
killed, and four men captured. On the morning of the 10th the brigade started
from camp at Warrenton on a scout, in the direction of Bull Run Mountains. At Salem
our regiment was detached and sent by way of White Plains to Middleburg. A
party of thirty men, with picked horses, under charge of Captain R. J. McNitt,
were detailed as an advance guard. Scouring the country in every direction in
search of Moseby and his guerrillas, until noon the next day, when we returned
to camp without any captures.

BATTLE OF CULPEPPER.
Breaking camp on the morning of the 12th, we moved to Jeffersonville. To
horse, sounding at daylight on the morning of the 13th, in half an hour
the division had again taken up its line of march. Our brigade, crossing Hazel
river at Oak Shade, moved forward to Rixlieville; and halted to await the
arrival of the second brigade, which had turned off at a ford about a mile to
the left. Corning up at nine, A. M., it took the advance and moved off in the
direction of Culpepper, we following immediately after. Meeting the enemy at
Muddy run, a sharp skirmish ensued, which lasted about a half hour, when the
enemy fell back and the division crossed. Resuming the advance, the second
brigade now became engaged in heavy skirmishing, which lasted all the way to
Culpepper, which we reached about noon. Here our brigade was ordered to the
front, and the regiment being the advance guard was immediately deployed as
skirmishers. Company K, Lieutenants Kennedy and Morgan, being on the extreme
right, and next in order; Company D, Captain McDonald, Lieutenants Holbrook and
Walker, Company G, Captain Confer and Lieutenant Reed; Company E, Lieutenant
Akers; Company F, Lieutenants Lucas and Greenlee, formed the right wing, and on
the right of the Culpepper and Cedar Mountain road. Company A, Captain
Patterson and Lieutenants Kelly and
Wilson; Company B, Captain Litzenberg and Lieutenant Lawsha; Company C, Captain
McNitt and Lieutenant Nelson, forming the centre and immediately adjoining the
road, and on the left in regular succession. Company I, Captain McGregor;
Company L, Lieutenants Gaul and Buxton; and Company M, Lieutenants Sample and
Wright. Company H not being armed with carbines, remained as a support in rear
of the centre, ready to charge when occasion might require it. Formed in this
manner, the advance was at once commenced, the regiment moving forward on
horseback. But scarcely had we ascended the first range of hills when the enemy
opened a scathing fire on us from woods and thickets, which told fearfully on
both men and horses, exposed as they were, and was rapidly thinning the lines,
when the horses were ordered to be sent to the rear and the men to fight on foot.
Dismounting on the spot and forming again under the galling fire the enemy were
all the while pouring upon them, and the order to charge being given, the whole
line, stretching over the hills for half a mile, moved forward as one man,
rushing over the open field, without a stump or stone for shelter, on to the
enemy, who from his cover poured his fire into their faces at point blank
range. And thus they fought for three successive hours, step by step, for four
miles, only quitting the field when relieved, their ammunition being exhausted.
Not a man, from the time the regiment went into action until it was relieved,
was seen, along the whole length of the line to waver or swerve from his post;
the line officers on the skirmish line with their men, encouraging them with
their presence in the numerous and successive charges, and Colonel Taylor and
Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner, the only field officers present, with Chaplain
Beale, acting adjutant, mounted, were targets for a hundred rifles, riding from
point to point along the line wherever their presence were required. The
regiment never did its duty better, or showed itself more worthy of the place
it holds on the roll of honor of its State, than on this occasion. Every copse
of woods, stone fence, thicket and ravine along the route fought over, was
taken advantage of by the enemy, and held with a stubbornness and bravery
worthy of a better cause. But as often as he rallied and made a stand, the
First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry charged his defences, carrying them by
storm, and forcing him back to new positions. Following this action, the
regiment was engaged in skirmishing every day until the enemy was driven beyond
the Rapidann, on the 17th; and then, after a respite of twelve hours, was again
on the skirmish line along the river, where it remained for twenty four
consecutive hours, all the time exposed to a harassing fire from the enemy's
sharpshooters in rifle-pits on the opposite bank. Returned to Culpepper on the
18th. Again at the Rapidann on the 22d, on picket duty. Relieved onl the
evening of the 24th, and reached Culpepper on the 25th. On the morning of the
26th again on the march northward, crossing the Rappahannock about noon,
we reached Catletts at night, and went into camp. Continuing here, guarding the
railroad and scouting the country for some miles west of it until October, when
we again moved to the Rappahannock and picketed its north bank in the vicinity
of United States ford. Crossing at Kelly's ford on the 11th, and encamped at
Rappahannock Station. Re-crossed the river and moved to Fayetteville on the
morning of the 13th, and in the evening to Auburn. 

BATTLE OF AUBURN.
Here our pickets were attacked early in the morning of the 14th by the enemy in
force. Heavy fighting commenced immediately, and although the enemy pushed with
great vigor to break our lines, and reach the wagon trains in our rear; we held
him at bay until they passed out of danger. Our regiment being in the extreme
rear at this place, we only escaped being entirely surrounded and cut to pieces
by a heavy infantry force, which opened fire on both of our flanks
simultaneously, and commenced rapidly closing in on all sides of us, by the
heroic bravery and cool, determined action of the regiment. When it emerged
from the fiery circle, the converging columns of the enemy were scarcely a
hundred yards from, its flanks, at the point of egress; and although raked from
the rear by grape and canister, and saluted on both sides by volleys of
musketry, the regiment marched quietly out in  column of fours, as calmly
as if passing in review, not a horse moving faster than a walk, nor a man
leaving his place, and except those struck down by the hail of death which
swept over them from all sides, not a gap was seen in the ranks. A sublime
spectacle it was, indeed, and as soon as the regiment had cleared itself from
the encompassing dangers, Captain H. C. Weir, A. A. G. of the division, the
whole of which had witnessed the thrilling scene, rode forward from the side of
General Gregg, and proposed three cheers for the First Pennsylvania Reserve
Cavalry. They were given on the spot, and with a will too, that showed no spark
of jealousy, but how keenly a s6ldier appreciated his comrades' bravery, and
with an energy that rung as shouts of defiance in the ears of the baffled foe.
After the action of the morning, the regiment continued skirmishing, as our
army slowly fell back, and was again hotly engaged in the evening at Bristow
Station. Thursday, the 15th, continued skirmishing all day, and until we reached
Bull Run. On the 16th, still engaged in skirmishing, crossed and re-crossed
Bull Run five times during the day. At Wolf Run sheds, the regiment being
relieved for a few hours, the horses were unsaddled, and the men betaking
themselves to cooking, washing and the various other little occupations which
demand a soldier's attention during the occasional short respites from duty,
and brief halts on the march of such vigorous campaigns as this, and soon
became dispersed in the neighborhood of the camp. But they were not permitted
to enjoy this pleasure long. A party of rebel cavalry, which had been lurking
in our rear and remained concealed in the woods, awaiting this moment when we
were least prepared for an attack, came sweeping around a point of woods a few
hundred yards from camp; but the alarm being immediately given, the bugle
sounded' to arms, and in a moment all in camp had snatched up their arms,
and were ready to receive the audacious intruders, who not fancying the
greeting a hundred carbines were waiting to give theme wheeled their horses
before coming in range, and made off again without accomplishing any thing
further than giving some of the men a sharp chase to camp, and causing the
regiment to  saddle up, without giving it ail opportunity to pay
them for their trouble. Picketing along Bull Run, and scouting the country
beyond, until the 21st, when the regiment moved to Gainesville, and the next
day through Warrenton, to the vicinity of Sulphur Springs, where we established
camp. Engaged in picketing here until the 6th of November, on the evening of
which we marched for Rappahannock Station, and reaching Bealton next morning,
halted until afternoon, then moved toward the river and encamped. Moved to
Fayetteville on the 9th and established picket line in direction of Warrenton
and Sulphur Springs, and remained until the advance over the Rapidann. On the
night of the 17th, Moseby, with one hundred guerrillas, charged the picket
reserve of the first battalion, commanded by Captain Davidson, killing one man,
wounding one, and capturing three with some horses; but was so roughly handled,
that he soon made off with several of his number wounded. The attack was made
by about fifty, in charge of
Lieutenant Turner, dashing on Captain Davidson's head-quarters, and F Company,
from the rear; while Moseby, with as many more, engaged the pickets in front.
But the reserve, though dashed on without a moment's previous notice, while
lying around their fires, were not to be overcome so easily as the enemy doubtlessly
supposed. Seizing their carbines and pistols, and rallying in rear of their
camp, immediately opened a fire, which joined by one or two volleys from
Captain McNitt's squadron, Companies A and C, which encamped near by, was soon
on the ground, sent the modern Knight-errantry scampering over the
hills in indiscriminate confusion. On the afternoon of the 21st, Moseby again
paying us a visit, waylaid some teams near Fayetteville, and carried off a
number of mules. Our regiment being ordered in pursuit, struck his trail about
a mile east
of Warrenton, and pushed forward at a gallop, to overtake him if possible,
before reaching the mountains. Following him in this manner, scarcely half an
hour in his rear, to Thoroughfare Gap, the night came on, and no longer able to
trace his course, we were compelled to abandon the pursuit. We, however,
captured one of his party and several horses which lagged behind, and in a
house near the gap found the equipments, arms and overcoats of three others who
had left so hastily as not to be able to take them along; arrived at camp at
two, A. M.; having ridden a distance of thirty miles through a drenching storm
of rain.

ADVANCE OVER THE RAPIDANN RIVER.
On the morning of the 23d, our line of pickets was withdrawn, camp broken up,
and by four, P. M., we were on the road with the brigade, moving toward
Rappahannock Station, reaching Bealton at ten at night, we bivouacked a short
distance beyond the railroad. Marching the next morning we joined the Second
Brigade at Morrisville, where we halted to be supplied with rations and forage.
Next morning, the 24th, our brigade following the second, the whole division
moved toward the Rappahannock, which we crossed about noon, at Ellis' Ford, and
halted some four miles beyond, picketing toward the Rapidann. Here, a rain
storm setting in, we remained the next day and the day following, delayed, as
we supposed, by the inclement weather. Resumed the march on the 26th, the
Second Brigade still leading the advance, we pushed forward toward the Rapidann
Meeting but little opposition, crossed the river at Ely's Ford, and moved
forward toward the Fredericksburg and Germania pike; halted until night, then
continuing the march eastward in the direction of Spottsylvania Court House,
crossed the Fredericksburg and Culpepper and the Fredericksburg and Orange
Court House plank roads, advanced
some ten miles further, and halted at eleven P. M. 

BATTLE OF NEW HOPE CHURCH.
In the saddle again at daylight, the First Brigade leading the advance, we
struck the Fredericksburg and Orange Court House plank road again at Parker's
store, a point about fourteen miles from the latter place. Here we were joined
by the Pennsylvania Reserves, the advance of the Fifth Corps, and the whole
column moved forward toward Orange Court House. Some four miles on, the enemy's
advance was met, which our skirmishers pushed slowly back to New Hope Church,
about two miles, when they were next met by his main body, consisting of
infantry, cavalry and artillery, the advance of Ewell's Corps. Our regiment
being ordered to the front immediately after the commencement of the action,
moved forward with the view of charging on horseback, but after remaining in
position a short time, awaiting to meet a dash, threatened by the enemy on our
skirmishers, dismounted, as the dense woods which covered the country prevented
any efficient operations on horseback, and prepared to fight on foot as soon as
the order to advance was given, the whole line, with a shout, dashed forward,
broke the enemy's lines and sweeping around on the flank, captured twenty-eight
of his infantry with muskets and bayonets in land, while our only arm was the
carbine and pistol. We then established a line and held it against every effort
of the enemy to break it, for two hours, and until relieved by the Pennsylvania
Reserve Infantry. This was the second time, at Fredericksburg and here, that
the regiment was relieved when the press of battle became too heavy for its
light lines, by this famed group of regiments, whose brilliant achievements
have carved for them a name so high on the scroll of honor, the family of the
Pennsylvania Reserves, in which we claim a sister part. Additional Particulars.
Our line was formed, the right consisting of Companies K, Lieutenant Kennedy,
and Company L, Lieutenant Buxton, resting on the plank road; the centre,
Company G, and part of H Company, Captain Confer and Lieutenant Reed, and the
left, E, Captain Newman and Lieutenants Akers and Herrick; DD, Lieutenants
Holbrook and Walker, and M, Lieutenant Wright, extending to the railroad.
Squadron B and I, Captains Litzenberg and McGregor and Lieutenant Lawsha
remaining mounted, were employed as skirmishers on the extreme right, and the
portion of Company H not supplied with carbines, left in charge of led horses.
After the regiment had been dismounted and thus formed, the order to deploy as
skirmishers was given, and although on the open ground and under heavy fire,
the movement, left into single rank was executed as calmly and
correctly as on the parade ground. Then in steady, regular line, the advance
commenced toward the wood by which the rebel line was covered, but scarcely had
ten paces been made, when the enemy, rising from their concealment, with a
hideous discord of sickly, screeching yells, so peculiar to them, poured a
volley into our line. Without a recoil, or even a halt at this sudden and
unexpected attack, the regiment no sooner caught sight of the enemy than some
one in the line shouted,  charge, and with one full determined cheer,
forward it dashed over ditches, stumps and brush, and through the enemy's first
line, completely breaking his formation, capturing the men or compelling them
to fling away their arms in the attempts to escape, and forcing the whole line
back, fully three hundred yards, and until checked by his reserve infantry. At
the same time that the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry started forward on
the charge, the First New Jersey Cavalry, (that first of Cavalry regiments,)
joining lines, immediately on its right, and fighting side by side, as on many
a field before, catching up the shout that rung from our ranks, at once joined
in the advance, and on swept the twin regiments, each vieing with the other in
deeds of daring, and yet each generously awarding to the other the meed of
praise. At dark the regiment was ordered back to Parker's store, and passed a
rainy night in a low, marshy wood, and the next day moved some three miles west
to the Wilderness tavern, on the Fredericksburg and Culpepper pike to picket.
On the afternoon of the 29th, the camps of the Third Pennsylvania and First
Massachusetts Cavalry were attacked by Hampton's Division, and a portion of the
Third Pennsylvania forced back to our line. We immediately formed line along
the plank road, and awaited the enemy's coming, but he drew off without any
further demonstration. On the 30th we again marched back to Parker's store,
where another dash of the enemy brought us again into battle line, but it
proved to be only a scouting party, and we were soon withdrawn and went to
making ourselves comfortable around large fires, as the weather was extremely
cold. The evening of the 1st of December again found us at the Wilderness
tavern, where we stood to horse all night, awaiting the army, which was now
falling back to pass. The last of the infantry having gone by, our regiment
being the rear guard, we commenced at nine, A. M., of the 2d, slowly
withdrawing, hurrying up the stragglers before us, and skirmishing with the
enemy, who was hovering on our rear. In this manner we reached the river at
noon, crossed and rested in the woods on the west side. Picketing along the
Rapidann until the 6th, and moved to Brandy Station. Remained here until the 10th,
and then marched for Warrenton. Arrived on the 12th and went into winter quarters,
encamping just east of the town, in a beautiful and healthful situation, and by
the 20th had excellent winter quarters completed. On the 22d the regiment,
under command of Captain Davidson, Colonel Taylor being at the time in command
of the division, and Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner in command of the brigade,
marched with the Sixth Ohio Cavalry to Amisville, to join, a portion of the
second brigade in a scout to Luray valley; but not reaching that place until
some hours after the second brigade had passed by, the detachment, in pursuance
of instructions, returned to camp. On the night of the 25th, Captain Newman,
with one hundred men, in conjunction with a similar detachment from the First
New Jersey, made a scout to Salem; the party capturing two guerrillas. January
the 1st, 1864, the regiment marched with the division in a reconnoissance to
the Shenandoah valley, but on arriving at Front Royal, on the evening of the
2d, found the Shenandoah river too high from recent rains to ford, and were
unable to proceed further. Bivouacking on the bank of the river for the night,
next morning commenced return to camp, reaching it on the afternoon of the 4th.
During the four days out, the weather was very severe, and the command suffered
much from cold and exposure. Scout on the 8th to Salem. February the 17th, a
detachment of one hundred men, Captain McGregor, Lieutenant Kennedy and
Lieutenant Kelly, from the regiment, with an equal number from the First New
Jersey, and smaller detachments from the First Massachusetts and Third Pennsylvania
Cavalry, started under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Kester, (First New Jersey
Cavalry,) on a scout to Ashby's Gap, in the vicinity of which they surprised
and captured twenty-eight of Moseby's guerrillas, with a number of horses, arms,
and equipments, and destroyed a considerable quantity of stores. The following
is an account of the affair, furnished by Captain T. C. McGregor: At
midnight of the 17th we started from the rear of Warrenton, where the
detachment had assembled. The night was exceedingly cold, yet by daylight we
were thirty miles on our way, and had already begun to bag our prisoners. About
ten, A. M., of the 18th inst., Moseby's whole crew rallied and made a desperate
attack, evidently for the purpose of recapturing the prisoners A part of the
First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry turned upon them, and never did they get so
complete a whipping in so short a time as on that frosty morning, near Ashby's
Gap. Had it not been that our horses were jaded while their’s were fresh, we
would have added largely to our number of prisoners. After destroying their
head-quarters, hospital stores, a large quantity of whiskey and commissary
stores, and capturing a quantity of clothing and a mail, we started on our
return, bringing off twenty-eight prisoners and over sixty horses. Once more
they attempted the rescue of their comrades at Upperville, but the First New
Jersey Cavalry taught them another severe lesson. In this affair, Captain Hart,
of the First New Jersey, was slightly wounded, and this was the only casualty on
our side. We reached camp the same night, after having marched about sixty-five
miles in less than twenty-four hours. Such is cavalry service in winter.
Marched February the 27th, seven officers
and two hundred men from the regiment, under command of Captain Davidson, with
other detachments from the division, joined General Custar in a raid to
Charlotteville, on the left and rear of Lee's army. Were absent five days and
marched a distance of one hundred and seventy-eight miles. March the 7th, scout
of fifty men, under command of Captain McGregor, sent to New Baltimore. The
8th, another scout of fifty men to Sulphur Springs and Waterloo, under charge
of Lieutenant Holbrook. At eleven, P. M., the 9th, one hundred men, Captain
Litzenberg, Lieutenants Forsyth and Buxton, with one hundred men from the First
New Jersey, made a scout to Salem. 19th. Captain McNitt and Lieutenant Lucas,
with one hundred men, made a scout to Salem, charged a party of the enemy,
driving them from the town, and capturing one of their number. 21st. Captain
Confer, with seventy men, made a scout to Sulphur Springs; another next day, by
Captain Litzenberg, Lieutenants Herrick and Buxton, with one hundred men. To
sum up, in brief, the duties of the regiment have, during the present winter
thus far, been the most constant, exhausting service it has ever performed. An
extensive and exposed line to guard by vigilant picketing, constant annoyance
from bands of guerrillas, with numerous and fatiguing scouts, have kept the men
almost constantly on duty. Of scarcely four hundred men present for duty with
the regiment, it has furnished a daily aggregate of ninety-five men for picket
duty, with nearly an equal number for scouts, guards, and other details. This
severe service, with the exposure incident to a cavalryman's duties in winter,
has told heavily in reducing the effective strength of the regiment. But spring
is here again. Another winter's storms have been met and borne on the tented
field, and the vernal winds with the strengthening beams of an April sun are
rapidly preparing the roads for travel. For weeks the work of preparation has
been hurrying on to reach its present consummation. Worn out and condemned
horses, arms and accoutrements have been supplied by new ones; daily
inspections and reviews have detected and sought to correct or remedy every
evil and deficiency in the ranks; all visitors to the army have been sent home,
none but soldiers are wanted here now; the haversack is packed, the
cartridge-box refilled, the sabre, the musket and the cannon cleansed and
burnished, and we stand ready for the field. Day by day we await the notes of
bugle from Division Head-quarters, sounding the  general, and at
the same time announcing the opening of the spring campaign of the Army of the
Potomac for 1864. The ranks that were thinned by disease and battle during the
last year, have been more than filled by recruits. Another directing spirit has
been assigned the control of our giant war machine, the laurelled Chieftain of
the West, and the army will go forth as buoyant with hope, as determined in
resolve, and stronger in numbers, more efficient in discipline, and schooled by
experience and hardship in nerve and sinew more potent in its' operations, and
more reliable in its endurance than ever before. Here we pause in this
imperfect summary of the operations of the regiment for thirty-two months of
its life. Four more months still remain, and it will have fulfilled the period
of its organization. What events remain to be chronicled in this brief, but
doubtlessly active period, before its history closes, or the old organization
merges into a new one, stamped with the honored name of Veterans, are yet
hidden in the future.

THE CAVALRY, ITS ARMS, ETC.
During the first fifteen months of the war, much of the cavalry being scattered
through the army, attached to divisions and corps, and employed as escorts,
guard and advance pickets, &c., and little of it being so organized as to
be prepared to act independently, (though its duties were as severe as they
have ever been since,) its operations were so diffused as to afford it little
opportunity of showing what might be done if its services were properly
applied. And as a natural consequence, it began to be looked upon as an almost
useless appendage to the army. But the collecting and organizing of the cavalry
of this army, at least, during the winter and spring of 1863, into, brigades,
divisions, and a separate corps, with horse artillery attached, have enabled
it, by the services of. the past year, to earn for itself an honorable position
beside the other arms of the service, and to establish a rank in efficiency and
in importance second to none in the army. Though the peculiarities of the
country in which we operate have compelled the change of our light armed troops
to dragoons or heavy cavalry; yet, wherever they have been privileged to meet
the enemy as cavalry proper, in the charge and with the sabre, they have shown themselves
superior to him in every respect, as Brandy Station, Aldie, Gettysburg, and
various other fields will attest. The experience, however, of the last
campaigns have clearly established the supremacy of the carbine as the
cavalryman's most effective weapon-compelled, as he is, in this country of
forests, thickets, fences, ditches and stone walls, to fight, much of the time,
on foot-the pistol being seldom used, and generally only in close contest, when
the sabre or carbine are lost or fail; and it is scarcely decided whether its
effectiveness overbalances its cost to the Government and the inconvenience of
carrying it. 

CAMPAIGNING OF 1864 AGAINST RICHMOND.
Services of the regiment during the last five months of its term, viz.: April,
May, June, July and August, 1864. The
month of April, up to the 21st, was chiefly spent in drilling, reviews. Early
this morning, however, the long expected order to break camp was received, and
soon all were engaged in the hurry and bustle of preparation: By eleven, A. M.,
our winter habitations had disappeared, and in an hour more the division was on
its way toward Warrenton Junction. Halting three mil from the Junction, we
found fine camping-ground, and the division was soon disposed along Turkey Run,
a small stream which afforded facilities for watering. Here we remained until
the 24th, when the regiment was detailed for picket duty, and marched at 5 A.
M. for Morrisville, eighteen miles southeast, and near the Rappahannock river.
Establishing a picket headquarters at this place, and connecting with the Tenth
New York Cavalry at Grove Church, four miles further down the river, and
picketing the various roads leading to the river, and also back into the
country, we remained until the advance across the Rapidann. While engaged in
this duty, the command was greatly annoyed by guerrillas and dismounted
cavalrymen, who crossed the river for the purpose of procuring horses, and
concealing themselves in the woods and thickets, watched their opportunity to
fall on and capture pickets and small scouting parties. On the night of the
28th, Major R. J. Falls, with seventy-five men, made a scout to Falmouth,
twenty-five miles distant; and on the 2d of May, Captain Davidson, with one
hundred men, paid that place another visit; but neither party found any force
of the enemy this side of the river, and consequently met with no incident
worthy of note. May 3d, withdrew our pickets at eight A. M. Crossed the
Rappahannock at Kelly's Ford, and rejoined the division at Richardsville, near
the Rapidann. In the saddle again at one, o'clock next morning, moved slowly
forward toward the Rapidann, which we reached at four, and crossing At Ely's
Ford, halted until after daylight. Contrary to expectation we
met but a small force of the enemy here, merely a picket-guard, which was
scattered by a few shots, and our crossing left unopposed. Resuming our march
at sunrise, we halted for an hour or two at Chancellorsville, and then pushed
forward some six, miles, and encamped for the night near Pine Creek Church. The
Second Brigade, which led the advance from Chancellorsville had some slight
skirmishing toward evening.

FIGHT AT TODD'S TAVERN.
Next morning, the 5th, moved slowly forward toward Spottsylvania Court House,
forming repeatedly and feeling for the enemy. At two P. M., we received orders
to move rapidly forward and take possession of Todd's tavern, some three miles
in advance of our present position. Arriving at that point we found a brigade
of our infantry in battle line, and the Third Cavalry Division, commanded by
General Wilson, moving back in haste and confusion, hotly pushed by the enemy.
Our brigade was immediately thrown forward to cover the rear of the Third
Division, and meeting the enemy in a charge, at once became sharply engaged,
but soon succeeded in checking his lines, and hurrying him back faster than he
had advanced. Following him up with charge after charge, and though obstinately
contesting the ground he was at length compelled to fall back across the Po
river, some three miles distance. In this engagement, Colonel Taylor, with
seven companies, acted in conjunction with the brigade, while
Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner, who, just previous to the opening of the action had
been sent with the other five companies down the Spottsylvania Court House
road, with instructions to push forward to that place. This, however, he soon
found himself unable to do, as he was met by a heavy force of the enemy, when
scarcely two miles out, and his own party with a battalion of the First
Massachusetts Cavalry sent to his support heavily pressed for some two hours, and
until relieved by the Second Brigade. At dark the regiment was placed on the
skirmish line, where it remained until four, P. M., next day, being engaged in
occasional skirmishing during the whole time. Retired some three miles on the
evening of the 6th, and at noon of the
7th again moved forward to our former position at Todd's tavern. 

SECOND FIGHT AT TODD'S TAVERN.
The First Division being in order of battle, immediately commenced the attack,
and our brigade moving forward, took position on its left. Shortly after
arriving on the ground, the regiment was ordered out to meet an advance the
enemy were making on our extreme left. Dismounting two battalions, and joining
the Sixth Ohio, which connected with the left of the First Division, we pushed
forward on the Spottsylvania Court House road. A charge was immediately
commenced along our whole line of battle, and the enemy, although stubbornly
resisting the movement for a time, was at length compelled to give way,
retiring in such haste as to leave all his dead and wounded on the field, and a
number of prisoners in our hands. Encamped on the battle-field at night. Next
day, the 8th, recrossed Pine creek, and at night moved back to the
Fredericksburg plank road, where the Cavalry Corps was concentrating. The regiment
on picket in the direction of Chancellorsville. 

THE RICHMOND RAID
May the 9th, marched with the Cavalry Corps on a grand raid, in the direction
of Richmond. Crossed, during the day's march, the Massaponax, Ny, Po and Ta
rivers.

FIGHT AT CHILDSBURG.
When about ten miles out, the First Division, which led the advance, met a
party of the enemy, who continued harassing our advance and right flank during
the entire day, growing more bold and persistent as evening came on. About
five, P. M., the rear, which was guarded by our brigade, became heavily
pressed, and a charge on the Sixth Ohio, which constituted the extreme rear
guard, forced them back on our regiment, which formed its support. Some little
confusion was at first occasioned by the sudden attack, but our line was soon
formed, and a sharp fight commenced, which lasted until dark, when we withdrew
our skirmishers and continued the march. Halted at midnight on the north bank
of the North Anna; and brought into the saddle again at three o'clock in the
morning, by a shower of the enemy's shells. Crossing the North Anna at
daylight, arched to Beaverdam Station, which the First Division had destroyed,
and crossing South Anna river at Ground Squirrel Bridge, 
about four, P. M., encamped a few miles beyond. Heavy
skirmishing in front and on the right flank during the day. Wednesday, 11th,
fighting, but moving steadily forward. Our brigade detached and sent to
Ashland, some eight miles distant, destroyed the station, and after a severe
skirmish, in which the First Massachusetts Cavalry lost heavily, rejoined the
division at one P. M. The First Division and Second Brigade of our Division
were heavily engaged at Hungary Station and Yellow Tavern during the entire
afternoon, but handsomely repulsed the enemy at every point. General Custer's
Brigade capturing two pieces of artillery and a number of prisoners. Our
brigade, being held in reserve, was not engaged. 

BATTLE OF MEADOW BRIDGE, OR RICHMOND HEIGHTS.
Marching all night, passing down the Brock road to within two and a half miles
of Richmond, and daylight of the 12th found us, with the First Division,
crossing the Chickahominy river, at Meadow Bridge, the Third Division following
next in order, and our division drawn up between Richmond and the river to guard
the crossing. The First Division became hotly engaged as soon as it reached the
north side of the Chickahominy, and the Second, our Division, was assailed on
three sides as soon as it was sufficiently light to make the attack. Every
effort was made by the enemy to break the lines of our division and push us
back into the river and swamp. But as often as he came up, he was driven back
with heavy loss. The fighting continued thus, the enemy charging, time after
time, only to be hurled back, until about eleven A. M, when, apparently
completely disheartened by his repeated repulses, he withdrew, and we quietly
crossed over the bridge, reaching the north side of the Chickahominy about
three P. M. Continuing the march, the corps passed through Mechanicsville, and encamped
beyond Gaines' Mills. Friday 13th, marched ten miles and encamped at Bottoms
Bridge. Crossed Bottoms Bridge on the 14th, and reached James river at Haxall's
Landing. Our regiment, having the advance of the corps, was sent forward to
open communication with the gunboats. Mistaking us for rebel pickets, they
opened on us, and gave us several shells before we could make ourselves known,
but fortunately the shells did us no harm. Remained here during the 15th, 16th
and 17th, but moved out at seven P. M. of the 17th, and marched all night.
Crossed Jones' Bridge on the 18th and encamped at Baltimore Cross roads. Left
Baltimore Cross roads at five A. M., the 20th, and marched to Cold Harbor.
Marched to the White House on the 22d. Crossed the Pamunky river on the 23d, on
the railroad bridge, and marched via Brandywine to Ayletts. On the 24th marched
to White Chimneys, and on the 25th rejoined the army at Chesterfield Station,
and encamped three miles to the rear, having been absent about seventeen days.
Moved again at two P. M. of the 26th; marching all night, and crossing the
Pamunky on pontoons, at Hanovertown, at
daylight of the 27th.

BATTLE OF HAWS' SHOP, OR ENON CHURCH.
Marched at eight, A. M., of the 28th, to Haws' shop. The regiment being ordered
out on a scout, met the enemy in less than half a mile from the brigade, and at
once engaged him. Having attacked a squadron of the Tenth New York Cavalry,
which was on picket, he was hurrying it down the road, when his charge was met
by the head of our column. The first battalion Companies A, C. G and H,
commanded by Major R. J. Falls, moving off the road; the third battalion,
Companies B, K, D and M, commanded by Captain Litzenberg, charged, clearing it
and hurrying the enemy back half a mile, to his support. Our line was then
formed, the third battalion holding the road, the second battalion on the right
and the first on the left of it, and the whole regiment immediately dismounting
under a heavy fire, advanced to the attack. The division now also coming up, the
action soon became general, and the fighting at once assumed the most desperate
character. At point blank range the contending parties fought for seven hours,
neither able to carry the other's position, but each determined to hold its
own. So rapid and constant was the firing, that during this time the regiment,
though scarcely two hundred of it being engaged, expended upward of eighteen
thousand rounds of ammunition. Many of our carbines, also, became so heated as
to render them for a time entirely useless; and so the fighting continued until
half past four, P. M., when the division, being rein forced by General Custar's
brigade of the first division, our whole line dashed forward in one of the most
gallant charges of the war, carrying every thing before it, driving the enemy
for three miles and strewing the track of his routed columns with hundreds of
his dead and wounded. Too much cannot be said in commendation of the steadiness
and gallantry of the regiment in this, one of the fiercest and most obstinate
actions in which the cavalry has been engaged. Occupying the centre of the
line, and holding the road where the heaviest of the fighting occurred, our
loss was, consequently, very severe. Withdrew from the field at midnight and
encamped near the river. At four, P. M., of the 29th, marched to near New
Castle and encamped. At two, P. M., 30th, marched to the front. The regiment
set out at dark to picket at Bethesda Church, on the flank of the army.
Relieved at two,
P. M., of the 31st; in camp two hours and then ordered to the front again,
standing to horse all night. Wednesday, June the 1st, the brigade moved to the
support of the first division at Cold Harbor, and by heavy skirmishing, held
the enemy until relieved by the infantry, when we moved some four miles to the
left and rear, and encamped. 

FIGHT AT BARKER'S MILLS.
On the 2d moved around on the left flank of the army and engaged the enemy's
infantry at Barker's Mills. The regiment was ordered from the rear of the
column to the front and extreme right to charge a battery, but after making the
attack the battery was found to be protected by a swamp in front, and supported
by a heavy force of infantry, sheltered by earthworks. The regiment, however,
moved forward under a raking fire of artillery and infantry, and took up a
position in close range of the enemy's works, and held it until our heavy lines
of infantry came up. We here lost heavily in both men and horses. Marched
in the evening to Bottom Bridge and encamped. Remained in camp during the 3d,
and received supplies. Shelled' the enemy on the opposite side of the
Chickahominy this evening, and on the 4th our camp was shelled by the enemy in
return; one man wounded and several horses killed in the regiment. Our camp
shelled again on the 6th, but no damage done.

THE TREVILLIAN RAID.
Marched at seven, P. M., toward the Pamunky river, crossed on pontoons, near
New Castle, at midnight. Received supplies on the 7th, and continued marching
at nine, A. M., and encamped near Ayletts. Marched at five, A. M., of the 8th,
and encamped near Pole Cat Station. On the 9th, crossed the railroad at Pole
Cat Station, passed through Childsburg and New Market, south of Spottsylvania
Court House, and encamped at N. E. Creek. On the 10th, continued our march
toward Gordonsville, and encamped on the North Ann river. Crossed the North Ann
on the 11th, the first division and part of the second heavily engaged along
the railroad from Louisa Court House to Trevillian Station, and succeeded in
forcing the enemy back seven miles, and capturing four hundred and eighty
prisoners. The regiment being the extreme rear guard, was engaged in picketing
and protecting the trains. Relieved from picket on the 12th, and joined the
brigade at Trevillian Station. Was ordered to the front at three, P. M., to
report to General Torbert, commanding the first division, and placed in support
of a battery, was exposed to heavy shelling, but not otherwise engaged. At dark
ordered to the extreme right under a heavy fire of artillery, but not being
needed, was returned and sent back to our brigade. The corps, after
accomplishing the destruction of the railroad for several miles, commenced
withdrawing at nine, P. M, and marched all night. Crossed the North Anna at
nine, A. M., 13th, and encamped between Plentiful river and Horseforemost
river. Resumed the march at five, A. M., of the 14th, and encamped at Catharpen
river, on the Fredericksburg road. On the 15th marched by Spottsylvania Court
House to within three miles of Guinea Station. On the 16th crossed the Ta and
Mattapony rivers, passed through Bowling Green and encamped twelve miles
beyond, near Mattacocy creek. Marched through Newtown and Clarkesville on the
17th, and encamped on Roy's creek. On the 18th passed through Walkertown and
King and Queen Court House, crossing Anseaman, Tide, and Court House creeks,
and encamped near Corbin's Mill, on the river road leading to West Point. On
the 19th, countermarched via King and Queen Court House, Walkertown and
Clarkesville, and encamped at Dunkirk, on the Mattapony. Crossed the Mattapony
on pontoons, on the 20th, and marched via Ayletts and King William Court House
to White House Landing. The regiment being the advance of the corps, encamped
on the river bank near the railroad bridge. 

ENGAGEMENT AT WHITE HOUSE.
The enemy having appeared in force on the opposite side of the river, commenced
an attack early this morning on the defences of the place, shelling the corps
train which was parked here awaiting our return, and compelling its removal to
the north bank of the river, so that when we arrived here, instead of the short
respite we had anticipated after the long and exhausting services of this
memorable raid, we found the enemy again in our front, whose force must be met,
forced back and held at bay until our trains could be moved to the south side
of the James river, where the army had gone a week before. Accordingly, at two,
A. AM., of the 21st, we were aroused from our half finished slumbers, and
hastily equipping ourselves for a fight on foot, left our horses in charge
of a guard, and crossed the river with the division to repel an attack expected
at daylight; but after awaiting several hours, it was found that the enemy had
withdrawn and taken up a position on the elevated ground some two miles back
from the landing. Our brigade at once returned to camp on the other side;
mounted and re-crossing the river, moved forward to the support of the second
brigade, which had advanced on foot to feel the enemy's position. The first
division having crossed the river during the morning, formed on the left of the
second, continuing a line which encircled the landing a mile or two from the
fortifications. Though the enemy were seen to maneuvre large bodies of troops
in our immediate front, no attack was made, and every thing remained quiet,
except some slight skirmishing along the line of the second brigade, until
four, P. M. The regiment, which, with the brigade, had been lying in reserve up
to this time, was now dismounted and marched a mile across the country to make
an attack on the flank of the enemy, and capture or compel the removal of a gun
which was annoying our skirmishers. Arriving at the point designated, our line
was formed and supported by a single mounted squadron of the First New Jersey
Cavalry, the advance commenced along a narrow strip of cleared land, skirted on
all sides by dense woods, Pursuant to orders, but contrary to the judgment of
the officers of the regiment, it was pushed rapidly forward without the
protection of skirmishers on either flank, until it had reached the wood at the
farther end, fully half a mile distant. The result was, that scarcely had the
attack commenced in front, when the enemy advanced from the woods on both
flanks and opened a galling fire on our rear. To retrace our steps, and precipitately
too, was the only course left. The whole regiment was fairly entrapped, and
though three officers and thirty-five men were left killed, wounded or
prisoners in the hands of the enemy, it only saved itself from total
destruction by that steady coolness which has won it honors on so many fields.
Fighting furiously as it withdrew, the enemy's flanking columns were kept back
until clear of his encircling fire, when a new line was formed and his advance
permanently checked. This brief but unfortunate affair, one of those
inexplicable occurrences incident to the chances of war, and for which no one
is responsible, being the first that has fallen to the lot of the regiment, a
fact Which reflects the highest credit upon the efficiency and military abilities
of its officers, caused much regret, especially as so many of our brave
comrades were sacrificed without any material advantage having been gained,
Instead, however, of any censure being attached to either the officers or men,
as the former led the latter only where they were ordered to go, the action of
the regiment was highly complimented by General Gregg, division commander, and
it was congratulated by the entire brigade on its comparatively fortunate
escape. The earnest and candid manner, too, ill which the men exculpated
Colonel Taylor, Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner, and all the officers of the
regiment from any blame ill the matter, with the unswerving confidence the
regiment has always awarded to the efficiency and ability of its officers, and
which was here increased rather than diminished, was only equaled by the proud
satisfaction with which the officers, in return, expressed their admiration of
the gallantry and coolness of the men. At dark the regiment was withdrawn from
the battle-field, and Captain Davidson, with his battalion, placed on picket,
while the balance of the regiment bivouacked a short distance to the rear.
Marched at noon of the 22d, to Baltimore Cross roads, and took up a position,
holding the roads for the protection of the wagon train, on its passage to the
James river. Crossed the Chickahominy at Jones' Bridge, on the 23d, and
encamped at Charles City. The regiment on picket at Hopewell Church.

BATTLE OF ST. MARY'S CHURCH. 
The First Division, with the trains, passed on in our rear, toward the James
river during the night and morning, while our division, this morning (the 24th)
continued it advance on a road at right angles with the Charles City Court
House road, and running parallel with the Chickahominy river, and some four miles
from it. The Second Brigade, being in front, met the enemy's pickets about
three miles out, and pushing them back a short distance, came on his main body
in strong position, near St. Mary's Church. The Second Brigade at once formed
its lines in an open field, the right extending across the road, and the left
forming a semi-circle, until joined by the First Brigade, part of which was
formed so as to extend the line parallel with the road a half a mile to the
rear, and thus protect that flank, while the balance of the brigade, formed in
column of regiment, composed the reserve. The day, until half-past four, passed
with slight skirmishing by the Second Brigade, and occasionally a sharp
encounter for a few moments, when the enemy would throw a force forward to feel
our lines, which he did at various points during the day. Suddenly, at this
hour, however, apparently fully advised of our position and strength, he
advanced, making a vigorous and simultaneous attack on our whole line. To meet
this, the portion of our brigade in reserve was at once sent forward, and in
less than twenty minutes after the attack had been made, the whole division was
hotly engaged. It soon became evident that the enemy far out-numbered us; but
the division, with its accustomed steadiness, fought him for fully two hours,
and until overwhelming numbers, pouring in upon it from three sides, compelled
its lines to give way and move hurriedly back. But although assailed, as we
afterwards learned, by the whole Rebel Cavalry Corps, supported by fifteen
hundred dismounted men, yet such was the persistent courage displayed by the
command, and the skill with which our retreat was managed, that in falling back
six miles, the enemy failed to capture a single cannon, caisson, wagon or
ambulance, and made prisoners of but few of our men. When the last general
onset was made by the enemy, the regiment, which had been in support of our
battery during the day, was immediately dismounted and sent to take a position
on a commanding eminence, which enabled it, at the same time, to protect the
battery and support the left of our line. The enemy having discovered the
importance of the position, was hurrying forward at the same time to occupy it,
but our boys, by hard running, reached it a few moments in advance, and by a
volley or two pushed his columns back again to the shelter of the woods, where
a constant and well-directed fire kept him, until our forces had passed by on
the right, and all withdrawn from the field. The enemy coming down with a
mounted force on our right and rear, just as the regiment commenced moving
back, cut it off from the line of our retreating column; but by making a detour
through the woods on our left, we soon succeeded in joining its rear, with
which we continued until the enemy discontinued the pursuit, when we withdrew
to Charles City Court House, reaching that place at eleven P. M. In this
action, as in the three preceding ones, our loss was heavy as will appear by
the appended list of casualties. The regiment stood to horse during the night
of the 24th, and shortly after daylight, moved with the division a short
distance forward, and formed on the right of the First Division, which held the
road leading to the battle-field of the day before. Ascertaining, however, that
the enemy had withdrawn, the division marched at eleven A. M., toward the
river, and established camp near Wyandott's Landing. Here closed General
Sheridan's second grand raid, the corps having been absent from the army
nineteen days, and engaged in either marching or fighting the entire period,
without a single day's respite. Crossed the James river on transports on the
night of the 27th, and encamped three miles south of the river. Marched again
at sundown of the 29th, and arrived at daylight at Prince George Court House.
Resting an hour or two, moved forward to Blackwater creek and encamped. The
regiment sent forward to picket the Petersburg and Jerusalem Plank road. July
the 1st, rejoined the brigade at Templeton. Returned on the 2d, via Prince
George Court House, and encamped near the City Point and Petersburg roads.
Marched on the 4th, toward the James river and established camp near Light
House Point. Here we enjoyed the first pause of more than two days' length from
the unremitting labors of the march and the battle-field since we crossed the
Rapidann, on the 4th of May. Of the sixty-one days which had elapsed since the
commencement of Grant's grand campaign against Richmond, fifty-four had been spent
by the cavalry in either marching, scouting, picketing, or fighting. Being much
of the time also in the immediate presence of the enemy, we were subject to
that unceasing vigilance which exerts every energy to its utmost tension, and
wears away the spirits and the strength, more rapidly than the heavy toils of
steady and constant labor; such as the slow, cautious and wearisome march, now
halting, now' marching again, now forming, dismounting and standing to horse,
then remounting, changing position and forming again; aroused at night and
hurried into line, to spend the drowsy hours until morning, in the saddle,
hungry and jaded, a whole day without an opportunity of cooking
coffee, and then, when a moment's leisure is had and the tempting and
grateful beverage is almost prepared, hurried away from the untasted meal to
hours more of the fatiguing duty so that grateful indeed were these days of
respite after two months thus spent.

ENGAGEMENT AT REAM'S STATION.
Broke camp again on the evening of the 11th of July, and marching all night,
arrived at Prince George Court House, at daylight. After an hour's halt to
breakfast; continued the march, crossing the Petersburg and Suffolk Railroad
and moving along the Jerusalem plank road toward Warwick swamp. When two miles
from the swamp, the division halted, and our brigade taking a right hand road,
moved off in the direction of Ream's Station. The regiment having the advance
of the brigade, was ordered to deploy skirmishers and push rapidly forward to
the station, some three miles distant. Our line was accordingly formed, Companies
E and F deployed as skirmishers, and I and D, forming the advance guard.
Advancing a few hundred yards through the woods, we met the enemy's pickets,
when a brisk skirmish commenced, the enemy falling gradually back, first to his
main reserve, and then to his battle line, which was established in a strong
and commanding position beyond a deep and almost impassable ravine. Forcing our
way across the ravine and gaining the high ground beyond, two battalions were
immediately dismounted and engaged the enemy. The First New Jersey Cavalry, and
one piece of artillery, coming up soon after, our line was advanced, and the
enemy forced back to his second line of defence; but it not being the object on
our part to bring on a general engagement, no more of the brigade was brought
forward; and after several hours' hard skirmishing, by which the strength and
position of the enemy were fully ascertained, we were withdrawn. Rejoining' the
brigade again at five, P. M, at the point we had left in the morning, we were
ordered to the support of the Second Brigade, which had become engaged on the
plank road, near Warwick swamp, but on reporting, our services not being
required, we returned to the brigade and encamped for the night. Next morning,
the 13tb, removed three miles to the left of the plank road and encamped. On
the 14th the regiment was sent back to the plank road to picket, and during the
night following was considerably annoyed by the enemy, the outposts being
several times attacked and driven in. Relieved at noon of the 15th we returned
to camp, and on the 16th marched with the division back to Light House Point,
and established camp near our former ground. (Notes furnished by
Assistant-Surgeon L. E. Atkinson.) 

BATTLES OF MALVERN HILL AND LEE'S MILLS.
After remaining in camp here ten days, engaged in light picket duty, the
cavalry corps, on the afternoon of July 26th, received marching orders, and the
First Pennsylvania left its camp at five, P. M., two hundred and twenty men
strong, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel D. Gardner, Colonel Taylor having
received a sick leave for twenty days. The sick were left in camp together with
all dismounted men. By dark the regiment was fairly started on the march, and
with the exception of a halt on the banks of the Appomattox at midnight,
marched constantly all night. The Appomattox was crossed on a pontoon bridge,
near Point of Rocks, and the column was headed toward the James, reaching that
river about four miles above Bermuda Hundred at three, A. M. The Second
Corps had preceded the cavalry, and was now crossing the river on a pontoon
bridge. By
seven, A. M., it had all crossed, and the advance was already engaged with the
enemy. The cavalry immediately followed, and after crossing, formed on the
right of the Second Corps, with artillery in position, and every thing
indicating that a battle was anticipated and prepared for. About noon General
Grant rode along the lines. The entire day was spent in position, the enemy
apparently indisposed to make an attack, and our lines not advancing. In the
evening orders came to make ourselves comfortable for the night. At three, A.
M., on the 28th, camp was aroused and breakfast cooked, and, at daylight we
advanced on the Richmond side of Malvern Hill. Our brigade had the advance of
the corps. About nine, A. M., we encountered the enemy's infantry advancing,
and a battle at once ensued. The First Pennsylvania was quickly dismounted and
advanced in battle line across a wide field to a forest on the other side.
'They had no sooner gained the forest than they were furiously attacked by a
division of rebel infantry, and after a sharp action of about thirty minutes,
and being entirely unsupported, were reluctantly compelled to retire. In this
action three officers were wounded, three men killed, and fifteen men wounded.
The rebels, after at first gaining an advantage, quickly retired, leaving
their dead and severely wounded on the field; of the latter there was a very
large number, more than equaled our entire loss. The cavalry having been
relieved by the Second Corps, retired to the river, and our brigade having
remained until night, re-crossed the river and left the horses on the south
side. At nine, A. M., on-the 29th, the regiment again crossed to the north side
of the James, and threw up rifle pits in front of the brigade, our line now
being a prolongation of the line of the Second Corps, we occupying nearly the
same position held by us on the 27th. We remained in this until about
twelve, P. M., when we returned to the south side of the James, and mounting,
immediately took up the line of march for our old position in front of
-Petersburg. We reached the Appomattox about daybreak, and the men here, had
time to cook breakfast. The river was then re-crossed on a pontoon bridge
at Point of Rocks, as before, and the head of the column took the direction of
the Petersburg and Weldon Railroad, and by two, P. M., had gone several miles
to the left of the main army, in front of Petersburg. At this time the advance
of our brigade had encountered the enemy's cavalry, strongly posted at Lee's
Mills. After a sharp fight the enemy was dislodged, and precipitately
retreated. The First Pennsylvania was in support of the battery and sustained
no loss. Captain Williams' battalion was placed on picket in the front, in the
evening, and remained until one, A. A., when it was relieved by a portion of
the first division, and the regiment marched back about four miles toward James
river and encamped. Between the period of leaving Light House Point and
of going into camp at this place, the regiment marched five consecutive nights,
and was engaged in the most arduous duty during the whole time. Continued
picketing here until the 9th, when we returned to camp at Light House Point.
Again on picket on the 11th.


(Notes furnished by Chaplain J. H. Beale.)
AGAIN NORTH OF THE JAMES AND BACK TO REAM'S STATION.
Saturday morning at six o'clock, the regiment, after a night in the
saddle, came in from picket to camp, at Prince George Court House, with orders
to be ready to move at four o'clock, P. M. The day was spent in
busy preparation for the morn. Many were the speculations as to the destiny of
the expedition, as each breeze that swept from the north brought to our
ears the clash of resounding arms. Many entertained the agreeable idea
that we were about to be shipped to Washington. However, at five, P. M., the
column moved off on the road leading toward the river. Colonel Taylor being
absent on sick leave, and Lieutenant-Colonel Gardner being unwell, the regiment
was commanded by Captain Newman, and took its position for the day second in
order of march.' As the column left the main road and wended its way across the
Appoinattox, we well understood what was before us. A week's hard
service of picketing, scouting, and the engagement of Gravel Hill, July 28,
1864, told us plainly what was before us. Consoling ourselves with the idea
that what had been endured once could be borne again, we travelled on, and four
A. M., on Sunday morning, found us on the north side of the James river about
three miles below Deep Bottom, where the Tenth Corps was already engaging the
enemy, after a night's march as disagreeable as any in the history of the
regiment, occasioned by intense heat and dust, which in the absence of any
breeze, settled in almost impenetrable density along the entire line of
march. Sunday, August 14th, eight, A. M., General Gregg's division
of cavalry took position on the right wing of the Second Corps. The First
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry took the advance of the division on the road
leading to' Gravel Hill,' twin-sister to' Malvern Hill,' overlooking an
extensive and fertile plain between it and the James.' Our advance guard drove
in the enemy's vedettes half a mile before we reached the Hill. Rushing on
rapidly, the advance battalion, companies (A, C, G and H) commanded by Captain
Confer, charged the height, where the enemy
were strongly intrenched. But the charge was so rapid and determined that the
enemy were completely routed, thus we gained their first line of works before a
regiment of infantry, which they had in reserve, could come to their
assistance. We continued to drive them half a mile further, when other
regiments of the brigade came up, and, taking tile advance, continued to drive
them still further, when night put an end to fighting. In this engagement we
had five (5) men wounded. At night the Second Brigade came up, and relieved the
First Brigade, which lay in reserve during the night. Monday
morning, the Second Brigade advanced and pressed the enemy back through a dense
wood, while the First Pennsylvania supported the battery. (There being but one
battery to the division.)' Tuesday morning, the First Brigade moved out about
two miles, on the Charles City Court House road, and took position on the right
of the Second Brigade. There the regiment remained on the out-post dismounted
behind a strong line of works the enemy had thrown up when Grant made his
passage across the James, until near night, when the Second Brigade was forced
back, and we were compelled to contract our line, whereupon the Second Brigade
had a severe fight; and the First Brigade relieved them at sunset, and
re-established the same line held during the morning. The regiment remained
saddled during the night. At two A. M., Wednesday morning, all hands must stand
to horse,' in anticipation of a morning attack. Wednesday was spent in the same
position, every man on duty until six P. M. The enemy by a flank movement
compelled us again to abandon our position. But not until the regiment barely
escaped being cut off, saved only by the length of the regiment in column of
route.' The encircling flank of the enemy switching the rear of our regiment as
it passed. Another night and the regiment again' stands to horse' all night,
and so remained until two P. M., we unsaddled for the first time since Tuesday
morning. But we had scarcely obeyed orders to go into camp' when another order
came, Be ready to move at five P. M. Just as night was settling upon us a
–foaming rain doing the same, we recrossed the James with orders to report to
army headquarters. Another all night of it. Thus passed the week of hard duty,
in which we added to our roll of honor' Gravel Hill, No. 2. August 14.
1864. 

SKIRMISHING NEAR REAM'S STATION.
At daylight on the 20th, the division left army headquarters, and moved forward
to the Garley House, drew up in battle-line, and remained in that position
until dark, when a portion of the command was placed on picket, and the balance
permitted to go into camp. Sunday 21st, the command in the saddle at early
dawn, and advancing toward the Weldon Railroad. Reaching the road, the enemy
were found in force a short distance beyond it, and heavy skirmishing
immediately commenced and kept up during the entire day. The 22d and 23d were
spent by the brigade in picketing beyond the railroad, with occasionally a
slight skirmish. At dark, however, of the 23d, our brigade was relieved by
infantry, and sent to the support of the second brigade, which was stationed
along the Dinwiddie Court House road, and was then being heavily pressed by the
enemy. Reinforced by our brigade, the division, after a sharp fight of an hour,
succeeded in driving the enemy and retaining possession of the road. The 24th
and 25th, until four P. M., passed without any hostile demonstrations by the
enemy. But at this time he made another general assault, a last desperate
effort to retake the road. Assailed in front and at the same time heavily
attacked on the flank our infantry was at first compelled to retire, and
suffered considerable loss, but, rallying, prevented the enemy from gaining any
permanent advantage. The cavalry being stationed on the flanks was also hotly
engaged. The First Brigade occupied a position on the right of the Second Corps
and between it and the Fifth Corps, and the Second Brigade on the left of the
Second Corps. The cavalry fought dismounted, as the marshy nature of the ground
prevented the use of horses, and nobly sustained its enviable reputation. The
regiment, although stationed on one of the most exposed portions of the line,
fortunately escaped with but slight loss. Withdrew on the 26th, some two miles
to the rear, and were engaged in changing position from place to place along
the railroad until the 29th when we established camp on the Jerusalem Plank
road, near the left of the army. On the 30th, the long and anxiously looked for
order to report in the State of Pennsylvania to be mustered out was received.
The 31st was spent in mustering for pay, and organizing the veterans and
recruits, four hundred and one in number, into companies. They were formed into
four companies, D, officered by Captain H. A. McDonald, Lieutenants H. Platt
and J. W. Nelson; F by Captain J. H. Williams and Lieutenants Holbrook and
Forsyth; IL by Captain T. C. McGregor and Lieutenants Lebo and McDonald, and
MWI by Captain H. S. Thomas, Lieutenants Morgan and Herrick. The whole
composing the First Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion and commanded by
Major R. J. Falls. Thursday, September 1st, the old members of' the regiment, whose
times had expired, took a farewell leave of the battalion remaining, and
quitting the front, marched to City Point. After a necessary delay of two days
employed in turning over quartermaster's and ordnance stores, tile regiment was
embarked on the steamer Claymount, and shipped via Fortress Monroe, Chesapeake
and Delaware Canal to Philadelphia, where we landed on Monday the 5th, and were
mustered out and discharged on Friday the 9th.

SYNOPSIS OF OPERATIONS IN THE CAMPAIGN OF 1864.
The brilliant operations of the cavalry in the campaign of 1864, against
Richmond, will form a page in the chronicles of this great rebellion, not
unworthy of a place side by side with the gallant achievements of the infantry
and artillery, and the pen of the historian will record alike, in the same
glowing characters, the heroic deeds of each arm of the service, as well as of
the divisions, batteries and squadrons whose-honor it. is to share the fame of
the grand old Army of the Potomac. The efficiency given to the cavalry by
collecting, organizing and forming it into a separate and independent body
during the winter and spring of 1863, was fully attested by its operations in
the campaign of the following summer and fall. At Kelly's Ford, in March of
1863, the enemy first learned the concentrated prowess of the Yankee sabre, and
again in June following at Brandy Station and Aldie, and in July at Hanover
Junction, Gettysburg, and Shepherdstown. The reverses he met with in every
instance where his cavalry was pitted in battle against our gallant squadrons,
taught him that his boasted legions of chivalrous cavaliers could no longer
cope with the dashing valor of the Yankee horse; and from this time until
winter closed the operations of the year, he risked no more engagements singly
and alone; but, as at Culpepper, Rapidann, Auburn, and New Hope Church, only
fought when heavily supported by infantry. So that when the work of the year
was finished and we returned to winter quarters, it was with the satisfaction
that so far as the cavalry arm of the enemy's power was concerned in sustaining
the rebellion, it was completely broken and demoralized. During the winter,
however, reports reached us that every effort was being made to recruit and
strengthen his shattered battalions, and with such success too, as to promise a
force of cavalry at the commencement of hostilities in the spring, equal if not
superior to' our own. But the victories which have crowned the arms of
Sheridan's Cavalry Corps in every instance where numbers placed the contending
parties on even an approximate equality, during the four months of brilliant
and continuous service since the crossing of the Rapidann, have again fully
demonstrated our superiority, and even at this period of the season, when the
year's operations are scarcely half finished. have so broken his battalions and
demoralized his troopers, that he dares not now meet us unaided by his
infantry. The unfavorable circumstances under which the operations of the
regiment since the commencement of the present campaign have been sketched,
being almost constantly on the march, have compelled the greatest brevity to be
exercised, yet its services have been, if possible, more arduous, and its
fighting, as the list of casualties will show, more desperate than during any
previous period of its history. The Cavalry Corps, headed by that gallant and
dashing leader, Major-General P. H. Sheridan, crossed the Rapidann as the
advance guard of the army, pushed forward through the Wilderness, and traced the
lines along which our massed corps of infantry deployed their columns and
fought that series of terrible battles which first taught vaunting rebeldom
that the fastnesses of the Rapidann could be flanked, that the Army of Northern
Virginia could be defeated on its own ground, and its commander outgeneraled by
his own tactics. Meeting and defeating in two general engagements at Todd's
Tavern, the enemy's whole cavalry force, our corps then took up its march
around the flank and rear of the rebel army and moved straight forward toward
his capital. Fighting the enemy in front, on both flanks and in rear at the
same time, yet moving steadily on, its columns penetrated the outer defences of
Richmond, and for half a day our cannon thundered their hoarse notes in the
ears of her citizens, then coolly marching around her northern border encamped
on the James river. Two days rest, and then returning to the army, headed the
grand flank movement which brought our army from the front of Lee's frowning
entrenchments at Hanover Court House to his flank and rear at Cold Harbor; and
by the successes of Haws' Shop, Cold Harbor, and Barker's Mills, traced again
for the army its battle-lines until they reached the Chickahominy. Quitting the
army again as soon as our services were not further needed, our columns were
headed for the heart of Virginia; and at Trevillian, after a week's exhausting
marches, we again met the enemy in two days' battle. Accomplishing our object
here, and then returning by a winding and circuitous route, met the enemy at White
House and St. Mary's Church on the 21st and 24th of the same month. Crossing
the James river, and after- a fortnight of hard service, fought a severe
engagement at Ream's Station, then back across the James, were heavily engaged
again at Malvern Hill on the 28th, and returning on the 31st, closed the month
with a fight at Lee's Mill, on the extreme left of the army. Ten days of August
were also spent north of the James with the Second Corps, and then back again
to the Weldon Railroad, ended the month and the term of service of the
regiment, with a series of severe skirmishes in that vicinity.

FAREWELL ORDER.
Headquarters, First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry
NEAR WELDON RAILROAD, August 31st, 1864.
(General Order, No. 18.)
OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE FIRST PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY: You have now
experienced three years of terrible, devastating war; you are familiar with its
toils, its hardships and its scenes of bloodshed. During this time there has
been no toil that your manly efforts have not overcome; no hardships that you
have not courted for your country's sake; no field of strife too terrible to
prevent you flaunting your banner in the face of your traitorous foes, and in
every instance have you borne it off in triumph. Many have been the fields upon
which you have distinguished yourselves by your personal valor. From your first
victorious blood spilt at Drainesville down to that more green in your memory,
such as Todd's Tavern, Childsburg, Haws' Shop, Barker's Mill, White House, St.
Mary's Church, and last, but not least, upon the bloody summit of
Malvern Hill, are still sounding in your ears and eternally engraven upon your
hearts. But you have now reached the goal of your worthy ambition; you have won
for ourselves, your regiment, and your State, an invidious reputation. Officers
and soldiers of the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, allow me, on this the
eve of our separation, to express to you my heartfelt thanks for your implicit
confidence and ready compliance with every order and unflinching bravery upon
every field I have had the honor to lead you. Your military career has been a
brave and clear record, in which you have acquitted yourselves like men. But
the war is not ended yet. There are more battles yet to be fought, and more
lives to be offered up on the altar of liberty. For this end some of you remain
and many more of you will soon be back to battle in this your just and holy
cause. But whenever you may answer to the bugle's call, and upon
whatever field you may strike the black shield of rebeldom, let the memory of
your fallen comrades strengthen your arms and encourage your hearts, ever
mindful that you were once members of the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry.
May the God of battles and of mercy be your shield and protection, 
By order of J. P. TAYLOR,
Colonel Commanding Regiment.
W. P. LLOYD,
Adjutant First Penna. Reserve Cavalry.

ADDRESS OF COLONEL J. P. TAYLOR.
After the above order was read to the regiment, which had been formed by
Lieutenant-colonel Gardner, Colonel Taylor made the following remarks: 
MY BRAVE COMRADES: We stand to-day upon
the threshold of an event, which, when we left our homes three years ago, the
most prophetic heart scarcely dared anticipate the scenes then rife in our
midst. Such as the memory of an insulted flag upon Fort Sumter, which cast a
gloom of shame over every true American heart, and the blood of brothers spilt
in the streets of Baltimore, as it were, sprinkled over every loyal heart in
the North. The rushing of men to arms, and our souls inspired by the spirit of
our fathers, nerved us to action, and from homes of comfort, luxury and ease we
rallied in defence of our country. Another turn of the kaleidescope found us
marshalled beneath the proud ensign of our glorious Republic. No longer
separate and distinct in thought and action, but the firm resolve of the
farmer, the willing hand of the laborer and mechanic, the shrewd energy of the
merchant, the potent influence of the student, all suddenly converted into the
trained and disciplined soldier, with hearts that beat as one. What you were
then, and what you have since proven yourselves, you owe to the mighty impulses
of your first great and noble commander Colonel George D. Bayard; imbued with
the influence of his mighty genius, you saw the star of his glory rising and
shining brighter and brighter in the military sphere, and alas, too, to set
before it had reached its zenith. Following in his wake, ever ready to stand by
you in the hour of danger, to share with you your toils and hardships, to cheer
you on in the hour of conflict, following strictly in the footsteps of his
illustrious predecessor, the champion of your rights and reputation came your
second Colonel-Owen Jones. Officers and Soldiers-through your esteem I had the
honor to be your next commander, and as such I deem it an high honor to-day to
stand before the shattered remnant of what was once a large regiment. To thank
you for your esteem and the willingness with which you have acceded to my every
request, and complied with my every command, and for the manner you have so
nobly and faithfully discharged your duties as soldiers. I believe I am the
only officer now left of those who were assembled at the call of the Governor,
and witnessed the organization of the regiment in the presence of his staff,
and heard it christened the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry; and it gives me
pleasure to-day, to think we can return to our native State, those. colors
entrusted to our care, tattered and torn though they be, without a tarnish or a
stain upon the reputation of the regiment. Officers and Soldiers of the First
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, you are the veterans of more than thirty
engagements, your banner has proudly floated over almost every field on which
this historic army has been engaged; the graves of your comrades are strewn
from Gettysburg to the river James; your war-path may be traced by the blood of
your fallen heroes; but by the strength of justice and the might of mercy you
have plumed your arms with honor and victory. Enlisted veterans: —When you were
re-enlisting my lips were sealed from encouraging you, because circumstances
unavoidable, rendered my remaining with you impossible; let not our leaving
discourage you, but go on to greater deeds of valor; be faithful, be obedient,
be prompt and cheerful in duty as you always have been, a hopeful country
awaits to crown you; and we shall not forget you; we shall continue to breathe
the desired hope and christian prayer that you may soon be permitted to return
to your homes, when the red-handed monster, war-whose pestiferous breath blasts
with withering death every thing lovely on earth-may be banished from our
distracted land, and peace, sweet peace again returning, shed evermore her
Heaven-born blessings on our fair Columbia's soil.

LETTER FROM BRIGADIER-GENERAL GREGG, ON THE
DEPARTURE OF THE REGIMENT FROM THE DIVISION FOR HOME.
Headquarters, Second Division Cavalry Corps, A. O. P.,
Sept. 1st, 1864.
COLONEL J. P. TAYLOR,
First Penna. Res. Cavalry.
MY DEAR COLONEL: The order discharging from the United States' service the
First Pennsylvania Cavalry, has been received at these Headquarters. As you
will accompany your regiment to Pennsylvania, there to be discharged with it, I
cannot permit your departure without expressing to you how much I feel the
separation of yourself and command from the Second Division. For nearly two
years the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry has been under my command, and
now, at the end of its term of service, I can proudly say its record is without
a blemish. The excellence of your regiment resulted from the proper application
of discipline by its officers. In the many engagements of this division, in
which your regiment has participated, many officers and enlisted men have
fallen. They met death facing the foe, let them be properly remembered by those
who survive. To you, Colonel, my thanks are due, for the efficient manner in
which you have always performed your duty, whether as a regimental or brigade
commander. You return to your home well, satisfied that you have failed not in
your duty, bearing with you the sincere friendship of myself and all your
companions in arms. With the very best wishes for your health, happiness and
success in the future. 
I am very truly yours,
D. M. M. GREGG,
Brig. Gen. Comd'g Second Cav. Div.

RECORD OF BATTLES IN WHICH THE REGIMENT HAS BEEN ENGAGED.
DRAINESVILLE, VA., December 20, 1861, advance skirmishers and supporting batteries.
HARRISONBURG, June 6, 1862, supporting Bucktails.
CROSS KEYS, June 8, 1862, rear guard and supporting batteries.
CEDAR MOUNTAIN, August 9, 1862, supporting battery and skirmishing-grand charge
of first battalion, one hundred and sixteen men against a division of the
enemy.
GAINESVILLE, August 28, 1862, flanking and skirmishing to the front.
BULL RUN, first day, August 29, 1862, advance skirmishing and flanking.
BULL RUN, second day, August 30, 1862, flanking.
FREDERICKSBURG, December 13, 1862, advance skirmishing to left grand division.
BRANDY STATION, June 9, 1863, engaged with Stuart's Cavalry Corps.
ALDIE, June 21 and 22, 1863, Stuart's Cavalry.
GETTYSBURG, PA., July 2 and 3, 1863, stationed in rear of the left centre.
SHEPHERDSTOWN, VA., July 16, 1863-a force of the enemy's infantry, cavalry and artillery.
CULPEPPER, September 13, 1863 —enemy's cavalry.
AUBURN, October 14, 1863-advance of Lee's army, infantry, cavalry and artillery.
NEW HOPE CHURCH, December 27, 1863-advance' of Ewell's Corps, infantry, cavalry
and artillery.
TODD's TAVERN, May 5 and 6, 1864-against the enemy's cavalry corps.
CHILDSBURG, May 9, 1864 —enemy's cavalry.
RICHMOND HEIGHTS and MEADOW BRIDGE, May 12, 1864-artillery, infantry and cavalry.
HAWS' SHOP, May 28, 1864-rebel cavalry corps and mounted infantry.
COLD HARBOR, June 1, 1864, but slightly engaged.
BARKER'S MILL, June 2, 1864-enemy's artillery and infantry.
TREVILLIAN STATION, June 12, 1864-cavalry, infantry and artillery.
WHITE HOUSE, June 21, 1864 —cavalry and artillery.
ST. MARY'S CHURCH, June 24, 1864 —enemy's cavalry corps.
MALVERN HILL, July 28, 1864-division of rebel infantry.
LEE'S MILLS, July 31, 1864-Butler's rebel cavalry.
GRAVEL HILL, August 14, 1864-cavalry, infantry and artillery.
REAM'S STATION, August 25, 1864-Hill's rebel corps.

LIST OF SKIRMISHES IN WHICH THE REGIMENT HAS BEEN ENGAGED.
Drainesville, November 27, 1861 —guerrillas.
Falmouth, April 17 and 18, 1862 —infantry and cavalry.
Gray's Farm, May 10, 1862-infantry pickets along the Rappahannock.
Strasburg, June 1; Woodstock, June 2; Edinburg, June 3.
Mt. Jackson, June 4; New Market, June 5, 1862 engaged with Jackson's rear
guard, infantry, cavalry and artillery.
Rapidann River, August 3 and 4, 1862 –infantry and cavalry.
Robinson River, August 8, 1862-advance of Jackson's army, infantry, cavalry and
artillery.
Rappahannock Station, August 20, 1862-Stuart's cavalry.
At the several Fords along the Rappahannock, from the 20th to the 26th, 1862 -repulsing
the enemy in attempting to cross-infantry, cavalry and artillery.
Centreville, September 1, 1862 —flank of Longstreet's army.
Fairfax Court House, September 2, 1862-flank of Longstreet's army.
Middleburg, October 30; Aldie, October 31, 1862infantry, cavalry and artillery.
Salem, November 4, 1862 —cavalry.
Warrenton, November 6-cavalry and artillery.
Rappahannock Bridge, November 7, 1862-cavalry and artillery.
Fredericksburg, December 12, 1862-left wing of Jackson's army.
Below Port Conway, April 22, 1863, Colonel Taylor and escort fired on by
guerrillas, and three men killed.
Companies A and B, as advance for Sixth Corps, from Gettysburg to Hagerstown,
five successive days.
Near Hazel River, August 4, 1863-cavalry.
Muddy River, August 6, 1863-cavalry.
Carter's Creek, September 6, 1863-picket reserve attacked by guerrillas.
Lieutenant Lyon and Corporal Barre killed.
Along the Rappahannock, with little intermission, from September 14 to 20, 1863.
Sulphur Springs, October 12, 1863-cavalry and artillery.
Near Warrenton, November 17, 1863-picket reserve attacked.
Culpepper Ford, December 2, 1863.
Ashby's Gap, February 17, 1864-Moseby's guerrillas.
Charlotteville-while on a raid with General Custar.
Salem, March 19, 1864'-Moseby's guerrillas.
Gravel Hill, August 16 and 17 —enemy's cavalry.
Ream's Station, August 21, 22 and 23-cavalry and infantry.

RECORD OF MARCHES AND SCOUTS WITH APPROXIMATE DISTANCES TRAVELLED.
August and September, 1861-in camp, near Washing4on, D. C.
October 10, 1861, moved to Langley, Va., a distance of eight miles.
19, 20 and 21, toward Leesburg, with advance of McCall's Division, 
the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, and return, thirty-two miles.
Total for October, 40 miles.
November 27, scout to Drainesville and beyond, thirty six miles
Total for November, 36 miles.
December 20, to Drainesville, twenty-eight miles.
Total, for December, 28 miles.
January, 1862, two scouts beyond Difficult creek, twenty miles each.
Total for January, 40 miles.
February, a scout of twenty-five miles.
March 10, marched to Hunter's Mills, fourteen miles.
13, extensive scout toward Leesburg, forty-eight miles.
13 and.14, to near Alexandria, twenty-five miles.
15, to Falls Church, six miles.
Total for March, 94 miles.
April 9, To Fairfax Court House, ten miles.
April 10, to Manassas Junction, twenty miles.
11, to Catletts Station, twelve miles.
13 and 14, a scout to Hackett's Mills, near Safford Court House, 
twenty-five miles.
17 and 18 to Falmouth, thirty-five miles.
18 and 19, Companies G and H scout to Aquia Landing, thirty miles.
24 and 25, regiment sent to King George Court House, forty miles.
march, to camp, below Falmouth, six miles.
Total for April, 178 miles.
May 25, 1862, from six miles below Falmouth —beyond the Pamunkey river, 
toward Richmond.
28, return to Fredericksburg, about one hundred miles.
29, by way of Catletts Station to Strasburg, sixty miles.
Total for May, 160 miles.
June 1, Strasburg up the Shenandoah Valley, reaching Port Republic 
on the 9th, sixty miles.
9, back to Mt. Jackson, to Strasburg, reaching Manassas on the 23d.
Total for June, 155 miles.
July 4, marched to Warrenton Junction and famous scouts to the 
Rappahannock by portions of the regiment, ninety miles.
16, to Culpepper, twenty-five miles.
17, to Ragged Mountain fifteen miles, and scouting while there, 
forty-five miles.
22, returned to Culpepper, fifteen miles.
Total for July, 175 miles.
August 1, marched to Rapidann, fourteen miles.
Scouting by detachments for six days, one hundred miles.
8, to Cedar Mountain, eight miles.
20, to Rappahannock Station, twenty miles.
21, by a circuitous route, with numerous countermarches to 
Centreville, seventy miles.
Total for August, 212 miles.
September 1, to Alexandria, twenty-five miles.
3, to Bailey's Cross Roads, six miles.
26, detachment of five companies to Centreville employed for four
weeks in scouting Manassas plains, two hundred and fifty miles.
Total for September, 281 miles.
October 10, scout to Bealton Station and return, one hundred miles.
27 and 28, to Chantilly, twenty miles.
30, to Aldie, thirty miles.
Total for October, 150 miles.
November 1, return to Chantilly, twenty-five miles.
3, 4 and 5, to Upperville, thirty-seven miles.
6, by a circuitous route to Warrenton, twentyfive miles.
7, to Rappahannock Bridge, twelve miles.
20, 21 and 22, to Brook's Station, thirty-eight miles.
Total for November, 167 miles.
December 10, marched to Falmouth, ten miles.
14, to Lamb's Creek Church, ten miles.
28, to Bell Plain Landing, fourteen miles.
Total for December, 34 miles.
January 2, 1863, to picket at Lamb's Creek Church, ten miles.
5, return to Bell Plain Landing, ten miles.
8, to picket and return, twenty miles.
17, to picket and return, twenty miles.
21 to 23, Burnside's advance, twelve miles.
27, to picket and return, twenty miles.
Total for January, 92 miles.
February 2, to picket and return the 5th, twenty miles.
14, to picket and return the 17th, twenty miles.
27, to picket for ten days, ten miles.
Total for February, 50 miles.
March 5, relieved from picket and return to camp, ten miles.
19, to picket and. return on the
19th, twenty miles; and scout at night to the neck below, forty miles.
21, another scout by detachment, forty miles.
Total for March, 110 miles.
April 12, to King George Court House, sixteen miles.
scouts while on picket, seventy miles.
Total for April, 86 miles.
May 9, march to Potomac Creek Bridge, thirty miles.
18, to United States Ford, nine miles.
28, to Warrenton Junction, Morrisville and
Beaton Station, thirty-five miles.
Total for May, 74 miles.
June, 1863, moved to Morrisville, fourteen miles.
9, to Brandy Station and returned to Rappahannock Station, eighteen miles.
10, to Warrenton Junction, twelve miles.
13, to Warrenton, nile miles.
June 15, to Manasas Junction, twenty miles.
16 and 17, to Aldie, twenty miles.
18, to Thoroughfare Gap, eight miles.
21 and 22, to Aldie and Upperville and return, thirty-two miles.
26, to Leesburg, nine miles.
27, crossed Edwards' Ferry and marched all night, reaching Frederick 
city next day.
29, to Middleburg, marching all night.
30, to Taneytown; total from the
27th, sixty miles.
Total for June, 202 miles.
July 1, to battle-field of Gettysburg, twelve miles.
5, to Creagarstown, twenty-five miles.
7, via Frederick city to Middleburg and South Mountain, twenty-two miles.
9, to Boonsboro', ten miles.
11, to Antietam Creek, five miles.
12, back to Boonsboro', five miles.
14, to Harper's Ferry, twenty-seven miles.
15, to Shepherdstown, Va., and return the night of the 16th to Harper's 
Ferry, eighteen miles.
19, crossed the Shenandoah river east, six miles.
20, to Perryville, ten miles.
21, to Hillsboro', four miles.
23, to Ashby's Gap, twenty miles.
26, move through Upperville to Middleburg, fourteen miles.
27, through White Plains to Warrenton, twenty miles.
July 28, to Warrenton Junction, nine miles.
29, to Warrenton, nine miles.
30, to Amisville, south of Rappahannock, fifteen miles.
Total for July, 232 miles.
August 4, scout toward Culpepper, sixteen miles.
5, scout toward Culpepper, sixteen miles.
8, return to Sulphur Springs and on picket, eight miles.
15, to Warrenton, six miles.
18, scout by detachment to Salem and returned, eighteen miles.
19, scout to Gainesville and return, forty miles.
24, crossed the Rappahannock to Jefferson on picket and returned 
on 27th, eighteen miles.
Total for August, 112 miles.
September 4, on picket at Carter's Creek, eight miles.
7, return to camp, eight miles.
10 and 11, scout to Middleburg and return, fifty miles.
12, to Jefferson, eight miles.
13, through Culpepper to Cedar Mountain, twenty-seven miles.
14, to the Rapidann, five miles.
18, return to Culpepper, eleven miles.
22, to the Rapidann, eight miles.
25, to Culpepper, eight miles.
26, moved back to Catletts Station, seventeen miles; scouting 
while here, 50 miles.
Total for September, 205 miles.
October 3, to United States Ford, a circuitous route, forty miles.
October 11, to Rappahannock Station, twenty-five miles.
13, to Auburn, ten miles.
14, to Brentsville, ten miles.
15, crossed and re-crossed Bull Run, twenty miles; picket and 
scout along Bull Run, twenty miles.
21, move to Gainesville, twelve miles.
22, to Warrenton, twelve miles.
Total for October, 149 miles.
November 6, move to Bealton Station, twelve miles.
9, to Fayetteville, nine miles.
21, pursuit of Moseby, thirty miles.
23, marched to Bealton Station, nine miles.
24, beyond the Rappahannock, eighteen miles.
26, cross the Rapidann and in the direction of Orange Court House, 
twenty-five miles.
27, to battle-field of New Hope Church and return to Parker's 
Store, twenty-five miles.
28, to Wilderness Tavern and return to Parker's Store on 30th, 
fifteen miles.
Total for November, 143 miles.
December 1, to Wilderness Tavern, seven miles.
2, re-crossed the Rapidann, fourteen miles.
6, to Brandy Station, twelve miles.
10 and 11, to Warrenton for winter quarters, twenty-two miles.
25, scout by detachment to Salem and return, eighteen miles.
Total for December, 73 miles.
January 1, 1864, to Front Royal and return on the 4th, seventy miles.
January 8, to Salem and return, eighteen miles.
Total for January, 88 miles.
February 17, scout to Ashby's Gap and return, sixty miles.
27, to Charlotteville and return, seventy-eight miles.
Total for February, 138 miles.
March 7, to New Baltimore and return, ten miles.
8, to Sulphur Springs and return, ten miles.
Various scouts during the month, one hundred and thirty miles.
Total for March, 150 miles.
April 21, to Turkey Run, six miles.
24, to Morrisville, eighteen miles.
Total for April 24 miles.
May 3, to Richardsville, eighteen miles.
4, to Pine Creek, ten miles.
5 to 8, marching and counter-marching, thirty miles.
9 to 14, marched via Fredericksburg, Childsburg, North Anna, 
Beaverdam Station, South Anna, at Ground Squirrel bridge, Hungary 
Station, Brock road, Meadow bridge, Bottom bridge to James river, 
at Haxall's Landing, ninety miles.
17 to 25, via Jordon's bridge, Baltimore Cross Roads, Cold Harbor, 
White House, Ayletts, White. Chimneys to Chesterfield Station, one 
hundred and ten miles.
26 to June 3, via Pamunky, at Hanovertown, Haws' Shop, Cold Harbor, 
marching and counter-marching to Bottom bridge, sixty miles.
June 6 to 25, from Bottom bridge to New Castle, crossing the Pamunky at that
place, Ayletts, Pole Cat Station, crossed North East river and North Anna River
to Trevillian Station, and returned via the Catharpen road, Spottsylvania Court
House, Guinea Station, Bowling Green, Newtown, Clarksville, Walkertown, King
and Queen Court House, and returned to Clarksville, crossed Matapony river at
Dunkirk, and again via Ayletts, King William Court House to White House, and
then to James river at Wyandott's Landing, one hundred and eighty-three miles.
27 of June to 4th of July, 20 miles.
July 11 to 16, to Jerusalem Plank road, Reams Station and return, forty-eight
miles.
25 to August 8, crossing the James river to Malvern Hill and return via 
Reams Station to Light House Point, fifty-eight miles.
11 to 13, to Jerusalem Plank road and return, thirty miles.
From night of 13th to September 1, across the James river, back to army 
headquarters, to Weldon Railroad and return to City Point, sixty-five miles.
Total from May to September, 672 miles.
Total for 1861, 112 miles.
Total for 1862, 1631 miles.
Total for 1863, 1528 miles.
Total for 1864, 1068 miles.
Sum total for three years 4339 miles

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
By the law of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, company officers were elected by
the men of their respective companies, and the commanding and field officers
were elected by the commissioned officers of the regiment. This mode of
choosing has not been productive of so many evil results in this regiment as in
many others, but it is plainly evident from experience, that a faithful
performance of duty is incompatible with attempts to secure popularity among
his subordinates, on the part of either commissioned or non-commissioned
officers, who are seeking promotion by the votes of those under their command;
consequently those who have best filled subordinate posts, are least likely to
secure promotion by election. This system was annulled by an Act of Legislature,
early in 1863, and since then the Officers have been appointed in the manner
presented by the military laws of the State of Pennsylvania.

FIELD OFFICERS.
Colonels.
George D. Bayard, commissioned August 1, 1861; appointed brigadier-general, May
5,  1862. Killed at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862.
Owen Jones, commissioned May 5, 1862, and resigned January 30, 1863.
J. P. Taylor, commissioned January 30, 1863; commanding First Brigade, Second 
Cavalry Division, since October 8, 1863.
Lieutenant- Colonels.
Jacob Higgins, commissioned August 1, 1861, and resigned October 8, 1861.
Owen Jones, commissioned October, 1861. Promoted to colonel.
S. D. Barrows, commissioned May 5, 1862. Resigned for disability, September,
1862.
J. P. Taylor, commissioned September, 1862. Promoted to colonel.
David Gardner, commissioned February 10, 1863. Commanding regiment since
October, 1863, and part of the time, brigade.
Majors.
Owen Jones, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
S. D. Barrows, commissioned October, 1861. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
R. J. Falls, commissioned January 3, 1862. Wounded July 28, 1864; transferred
to First Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion.
Thomas J. Richards, commissioned May 5, 1'862, and resigned for disability.
J. H. Ray, commissioned May 5, 1862, and resigned' for disability, February 23,
1563.
Wm. T. McEwen, commissioned February 23, 1863, and resigned for disability
October 17, 1863. Wounded at BrandyStation, June 9, 1863.
David Gardner, commissioned November 23, 1862. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
James M. Gaston, commissioned February 12, 1863. On detached service at
headquarters, Second Cavalry Division, since June, 1863.

STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutants.
Charles C. Townsend, commissioned November 22, 1862, and resigned for
disability June 14, 1863.
Wm. P. Lloyd, commissioned June 16, 1863.
Quarter Masters.
R. R. Corson, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to brigade quarter-master.
George H. Baker, commissioned May 5, 1862. Assistant Commissaries of
Subsistence.
Wm. Stadelman, commissioned November 22, 1862, and resigned for disability,
January 28, 1863.
Henry A. Wood, commissioned January 28, 1863.

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.
Surgeons.
David Stanton, commissioned August, 1861, and promoted to the regular army, 
November 24, 1862.
G. B. Hotchkin, commissioned November 24, 1862. Acting surgeon-in-chief of
First Brigade, Second Cavalry Division, greater part of the last year.
Assistant Surgeons.
Samuel Alexander, commissioned August, 1861, and was killed in a skirmish at 
Drainesville, Virginia, November 27, 1861.
G. B. Hotchkin, commissioned November 27, 1861. Promoted to surgeon.
L. E. Atkinson, commissioned January 21, 1863.
H. N. Kelly, commissioned December, 1862. Resigned for disability.
R. H. Tuft, commissioned July 29, 1863.
J. B. Finney, commissioned August, 1861.'Resigned September, 1861.
S. W. H. Calver, commissioned June, 1862. Resigned August 2, 1862.
Chaplain.
J. Rervey Beale, commissioned September 16, 1861.
Battalion Adjutants.
C. L. Buffington, commissioned March 1, 1862; and mustered out of service, in 
pursuance of an Act of Congress, annulling the office, September, 1862.
Wm. S. Foster, commissioned March 1, 1862; and mustered out of service, in pursuance
of an Act of Congress, annulling the office, September, 1862.
Job H. Cole, commissioned March 1, 1862; and mustered out of service, in
pursuance of an Act of Congress, annulling the office, September, 1862.

LINE OFFICERS A COMPANY.
Captains.
John K. Robinson, commissioned July 29, 1861, and resigned March 28, 1862.
Thomas J. Frow, commissioned March 28, 1862, and resigned March 14, 1863.
Wm. H. Patterson, commissioned March 28, 1863.
First Lieutenants.
Thomas J. Frow, commissioned July 29, 1861. Promoted to captain.
Wm. H. Patterson, commissioned March 28, 1862. Promoted to captain.
James R. Kelly, commissioned March 8, 1863. Wounded July 17, 1863. Prisoner
June 24, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
Wm. H. Patterson, commissioned July 29, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
James R. Kelly, commissioned March 28, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
D. H. Wilson, commissioned March 28,1863. Killed June 2, 1864.

B COMPANY.
Captains.
Jacob Stadelman, commissioned August 8, 1861. Resigned March 26, 1862.
Joseph C. Roberts, commissioned March 26, 1862. Resigned May 8, 1862.
Wm. Litzenberg, commissioned May 8, 1862. Wounded July 28, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
Theodore Streck, commissioned August 8, 1861. Promoted to captain, Company H, 
November 26, 1861; wounded February, 1862.
John Kline, commissioned November 25, 1861. Resigned December 30, 1861.
Joseph C. Roberts, commissioned January 1, 1862. Promoted to captain.
William Buzby, commissioned March 26, 1862. Died March, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
John Kline, commissioned August 8, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Joseph C. Roberts, commissioned November 25, 1861. Promoted to first 
lieutenant.
William Buzby, commissioned January 3, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Robert S. Lawsha, commissioned March 26, 1862. Wounded May 28, 1864. Promoted
to first lieutenant.

C COMPANY.
Captains.
J. P. Taylor, commissioned August 6, 1861. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
William T. McEwen, commissioned October, 1862. Promoted to major.
R. J. McNitt, commissioned February 13, 1863. Prisoner June 21, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
William Mann, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned February 26, 1862.
William T. McEwen, commissioned February 26, 1862. Promoted captain.
R. J. McNitt, commissioned October, 1862. Promoted to captain.
Hiram McClenahen, commissioned February 12, 1863. Wounded July 17, 1863; absent
on recruiting service since August, 1863.
Second Lieutenants.
William T. McEwen, commissioned August, 1861.Promoted to first lieutenant.
R. J. McNitt, commissioned February 26, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
John W. Nelson, commissioned October, 1862. Transferred to First Pennsylvania
Veteran Cavalry Battalion, September 1, 1864.

D COMPANY.
Captains.
J. W. Smith, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned September, 1861.
William S. Gile, commissioned September 20, 1861. Resigned June 24, 1862.
Hugh A. McDonald, commissioned July 1, 1862, was wounded in three different
places in the battle of Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
First Lieutenants.
S. D. Barrows, commissioned August 1, 1861. Promoted to major.
Warren L. Holbrook, commissioned July 1, 1862; transferred to First
Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion, September 1, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
M. L. French, commissioned November 15, 1862. Promoted to Captain of Company E.
William F. Butcher, commissioned July 1, 1862; killed in action at Cedar
Mountain, August 9, 1862.
Philip H. Walker, commissioned September 9, 1862. Resigned for disability
February 23, 1864, S. O. No. 52.
A. R. McDonald, promoted July, 1864; veteran volunteer.

E COMPANY.
Captains.
Jonathan Wolf, commissioned August, 1, 1861. Resigned November, 1861.
Robert R. Lipton, commissioned November, 1861. Resigned April, 1862.
Jeremiah Newman, commissioned February, 1863.
First Lieutenants.
Robert R. Lipton, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to captain.
John A. Bayard, commissioned November, 1861. Resigned February, 1862.
Jeremiah Newman, commissioned April, 1862. Promoted to captain.
William P. Lloyd, commissioned March 22, 1863. Promoted to adjutant.
Samuel Lipton, commissioned February 10, 1863. Resigned for disability March 2,
1863.
Johnston C. Akers, commissioned June 16, 1863.
Second Lieutenants.
Samuel Murray, commissioned August 1, 1861. Resigned December, 1861.
Samuel Deavenport, commissioned December, 1862. Resigned March, 1862.
Samuel Lipton, commissioned May, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Amos M. Herrick, commissioned February 11, 1861. Transferred to First
Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion September 1, 1864.

F COMPANY.
Captains.
J. M. Harper, commissioned August 15, 1861. Resigned October 19, 1861.
J. H. Ray, commissioned November 15, 1861. Promoted to major.
Alexander Davidson, commissioned April 1, 1862. Died of wounds July 31, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
J. H. Ray, commissioned August 15, 1861. Promoted to captain.
Alexander Davidson, commissioned November 15, 1861. Promoted to captain.
Lewis K. Evans, commissioned January 13, 1862. Resigned June 22, 1862.
Thomas Lucas, commissioned August 17, 1862. Received a sabre wound from the
enemy June 9, 1863. Promoted to captain.
Second Lieutenants.
Alexander Davidson, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Lewis K. Evans, commissioned November 15, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Samuel Greenlee, commissioned June 13,.1862 Wounded June 9, 1863, killed May
28, 1864.

G COMPANY.
Captains.
Jacob Higgins, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
David Gardner, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to major.
Henry C. Beamer, commissioned November, 1862. Resigned for disability April 12,
1863.
Francis P. Confer, commissioned April 12, 1863.
First Lieutenants.
David Gardner, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to captain.
Hampton S. Thomas, commissioned September, 1861. Promoted to Captain of Company
M.
Henry C. Beamer, commissioned April, 1862. Promoted to captain November 24,
1864.
Francis P. Confer, commissioned November 24, 1862. Promoted to captain.
Alonzb Reed, commissioned November 24, 1862. Killed June 24, 1864.
Hiram Platt, commissioned, August 1, 1864. First Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry 
Battalion.
Second Lieutenants.
Hampton S. Thomas, commissioned August, 1761. Promoted to first lieutenant.
H. C. Weir, commissioned November, 1861. Promoted to captain and A. A. G. on 
General Bayard's staff.
Francis P. Confer, commissioned November, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Alonzo Reed, commissioned November 24, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
George J. Geiser, commissioned April 12, 1863. Dismissed, February 17, 1864.

H COMPANY.
Captains.
James B. Davidson, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned September, 1861.
Theodore Streck, commissioned November 24, 18C1. Resigned December, 1862. 
Wounded May 24, 1862.
William S. Craft, commissioned February 12, 1863. Wounded May 28, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
David Gilmore, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned November, 1861.
John D. Scott, commissioned November 21, 1861. Dismissed September, 1862.
William S. Craft, commissioned September 12, 1862. Promoted to captain.
Thomas C. Labo, commissioned February12, 1862. Wounded July 28, 1864;
transferred to First Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion, September 1, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
William Brown, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned October 8, 1861.
James Jackson, commissioned September, 1861. Resigned November, 186 1.
Thomas C. Lebo, commissioned November, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Eli C. Forsyth, commissioned February 12, 1863.

I COMPANY.
Captains.
W. W. McNulty, commissioned August 13, 1861. Resigned.
John W Ross, commissioned August 24, 1861. Resigned November 22, 1861.
George T. Work, commissioned August 23, 1861. Resigned.
James A. Gaston, commissioned July 12, 1862. Promoted to major February 10,
1863.
T. C. McGregcor, commissioned February 26, 1863. Transferred to First
Pennsylvania Veteran Cavalry Battalion, September 1, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
John W. Ross, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to captain.
George T. Work, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to captain.
James M. Gaston, commissioned November 23, 1861. Promoted to captain.
T. C. McGregor, commissioned July 12, 1862. Promoted to captain.
F. S. Morgan, commissioned February 12, 1863. Transferred to First Pennsylvania

Veteran Cavalry Battalion September 1, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
George W. Seigrist, commissioned November 23, 1861. Resigned May 10, 1862.
J. B. Richey, commissioned July 12, 1862. Dismissed February 18, 1863.
J. M. Gaston, commissioned August 1, 1861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
T. C. McGregor, commissioned May 10, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
George W. Lyon, commissioned February 25, 1863. Killed in action by guerrillas 
September 6, 1863.

K COMPANY.
Captains.
William Boyce, commissioned September, 1861. Resigned December 17, 1861.
J. H. Williams, commissioned January 5, 1862. Dismissed February 3, 1864;
reinstated May, 1864, and transferred to First Pennsylvania Veteran 
Cavalry Battalion September 1, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
William A. Kennedy, commissioned September, 1861. Wounded May 28, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
Samuel W. Morgan, commissioned September, 1861. Wounded September 15, 1863.

L COMPANY.
Captains.
J. C. A. Hoffeditz, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned April 16, 1862.
Wm. A. Sands, commissioned-April 16, 1862. Prisoner June 21, 1864.
First Lieutenants.
Wm. A. Sands, commissioned August 1, 1861. Promoted to captain.
H. S. Gaul, commissioned April 16, 1862.
Second Lieutenants.
H. S. Gaul, commissioned August, i861. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Charles Lichtentlaller, commissioned April 19, 1862. Resigned June 26, 1863.
David S. Buxton, commissioned June 26, 1863. Wounded December 27, 1863;
mortally wounded and prisoner, June 21, 1864.

M COMPANY.
Captains.
Thomas S. Richards, commissioned August, 1861. Promoted to major.
H. S. Thomas, commissioned May 5, 1862. Detached as A. A. Inspector-general
First Brigade, since April, 1863. Transferred to First Pennsylvania Veteran
Cavalry Battalion.
First Lieutenants.
George D. Leaf, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned January, 1863.
Henderson Sample, commissioned February 12,1863. Resigned August 12, 1864.
Second Lieutenants.
A. S. Shollenberger, commissioned August, 1861. Resigned.
Hlenderson Sample, commissioned December 30, 1861. Promoted to first
lieutenant.
Joseph S. Wright, commissioned February 12, 1863. Mortally wounded, June 24,
1864.

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.
Sergeant Majors,
George W. Seigrist, appointed September 28, 1861. Promoted to second
lieutenant.
C. L. Buffington, appointed November 23, 1861. Promoted to battalion adjutant.
Henry C. Beamer, appointed February 17, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
Wm. McEwen, appointed May 8, 1862. Discharged for disability, September 29,
1862.
George J. Geiser, appointed September 29, 1862. Promoted to second lieutenant.
John Hamilton, appointed April 12, 1863.
Quartermaster Sergeants.
George H. Baker, appointed September 28, 1861. Promoted to quartermaster.
Wm. Stadelman, appointed May 5, 1862. Promoted to A. C. S.
George W. Fincher, appointed October 28, 1862. Vet. vol, February 1, 1864.
Commissary Sergeants.
Henry A. Wood, appointed June 5, 1862. Promoted to A. C. S.
John McCahan, appointed January 27, 1863.
Chief Buglers.
Thomas R. Storer, appointed October 16, 1861. Mustered out, in pursuance of an
Act of Congress, annulling the office, September, 1862.
James P. Landis, appointed May 1, 1863. Wounded June 9, 1863. Vet. vol.,
February 1, 1864.
Hospital Stewards.
Joseph Deveney, appointed September 6, 1861. Transferred.
C. C. Townsend, appointed September, 1861.- Promoted to adjutant.
Ernest Conzler, appointed October, 1861. Transferred to regular army November,
1862.
Charles Gardner, appointed October, 1862.
Wm. P. Lloyd, appointed December 18, 1862. Promoted to first lieutenant.
William J. Jackman, appointed March 22, 1863. Regimental Veterinary Surgeon.
Jacob Woolf, appointed July, 1863.

ORGANIZATION OF A COMPANY, FIRST PENNSYLVANIA
RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company A was recruited in Juniatta County, State of Pennsylvania, September,
1859, by Captain John H. Patterson, and was called the Juniatta
Cavalry. On the 16th day of April, 1861, the company was re-organized and
recruited by Lieutenant John K. Robison, and ordered by the Governor of
Pennsylvania to be in readiness to report to Harrisburg at short notice. On the
25th day of July, 1861, the company was reorganized again, by the election of
Lieutenant Robison, captain, T. J. Frow, first lieutenant and Wm. H. Patterson,
second lieutenant. On the 26th of the same month it reported to Harrisburg, and
was accepted, and on the first day of August, 1861, was mustered into the State
service by Colonel Taggart, for three years. On the 16th day of August, 1861,
it was assigned to the regiment, and ordered to report to Washington, D. C.,
and was mustered into the United States service, on the 27th, at Camp Jones,
near Washington, where it joined the regiment.

ENLISTED MEN OF A COMPANY.
John H. Fertig, orderly sergeant. Prisoner June 21, 1864.
W. S. Miller, quartermaster sergeant. Wounded at White House, June 21, 1864.
S. L. Patterson, commissary sergeant.
L. R. Beale, first duty sergeant.
S. S. Wilson, second duty sergeant.
J. T. Funk, third duty sergeant. Wounded June 24, 1864.
S. F. Lane, fourth duty sergeant. Transferred to Signal Corps.
J. T. Sterret, fifth duty sergeant.
W. A. Patterson, first corporal. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
S. S. Mairs, second corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Prisoner, June 21,
1864.
D. Snyder, third corporal.
J. Q. Eby, fourth corporal. Prisoner June 21, 1864.
Wm. Bortle, fifth corporal.
Brazee, John M.
Bear, W. A. Wounded at White House, June 21, 1864.
Berkey, Elijah
Baird, James
Bidler, Henry W.
Brown, W. M.
Bortle, Henry
Birchfield, James M. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Berkyhiser, Isaac
Collier, David W.
Campbell, Noah. bugler. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Doty, John E., corporal. Wounded June 24, 1864.
Ernest, Wesley H.
Fink, George. Wounded at Culpepper, September 15, 1863, and wounded July 28,
1864.
Folly, James
Fulton, Wm. S. Wounded in Pennsylvania, July 10, 1863.
Folly, Michael
Horton, Daniel T. Prisoner, April 18, 1863.
Hardee, John.
Hawler, Israel. Wounded October 1, 1863.
Hurshey, John.
Johns, Mathias. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Kinsloe, Armstrong.
Kinsloe, John.
Kennedy, Joseph B. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Longacre, Isaac. Prisoner at Bull Run, August 30, 1862.
Lowden, Alfred M.
Meloy, George W. Private Orderly to General Meade since enlistment.
McDonald, J. B.
McDonald, Anderson H.
McWilliams, Andrew J.
McCoy, John M.
Marly, James B.
McConnel, Henry 0, bugler. Transferred to the Signal Corps, March, 1864.
Nicely, Henry. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Nipple, John O. Wounded June 24, 1864.
Nicely, Jacob.
Okeson, Samuel B.
Rogers, Matthew H.
Riner, Jonathan.
Smith, W. H. Killed May 28, 1864, at Haws' Shop, Va.
Smith, David L.
Smith, William. Sent to Insane Asylum.
Sperry, WilliamVet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Wildman, Abraham J. Vet. vol. January 1, 1864. Wounded June 2, 1864.
Dunn, William. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Marshman, Samntl.
Renor, Mattorek.
Slusher, J. K. P.
Logan, Thomas C.
Howard, Henry. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Robertson, Joseph. Wounded June 24, 1864. 
PROMOTED.
John, Hamilton. Sergeant to sergeant-major, May 1, 1863.
John W. Forney. Sergeant to saddler sergeant, November, 1862. Vet. vol.,
February 1, 1864.
William J. Jackman. Sergeant to hospital steward, March 22, 1863.
James R. Kelly. Sergeant to second lieutenant, March 28, 1862.
D. H. Wilson. Sergeant to second lieutenant, March 25, 1863. 

KILLED.
John Neiman. Culpepper, Va., September 13, 1863. 

DIED.
Jacob Benson. Disease, September 12, 1861. 

DISCHARGED.
Isaac Clair. Disability, February, 1863.
John Clair. Disability, March, 1863.
T. W. Dewess. Disability, March 24, 1862.
Smith De Bray. Disability, March 1, 1862.
Joseph R. Kinser. Disability, November 22, 1862.
James McKee. Disability, September 18, 1862.
Samuel M. Mitchell. Disability, May 12, 1862.
Geo. H. McCochron. Disability, May 1, 1862.
Alonzo Morley. Disability, April 1, 1862.
Newton Lane, sergeant. Disability, March, 1863.
Mr. M. Robinson. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
Levi Richer. Disability, January 8, 1862.
Calvin E. Stewart. -Disability.
John A. Tomey. Disability, January, 1862.
Amos Wolfgang, corporal. Disability, February, 1863.
Wm. Wagner, corporal. Disability, December, 1862.
Joseph Yocum. Disability, April 1, 1862.
David Holtzhopple, corporal. February, 1863, from wounds at Bull run, August
30, 1862.
Joseph G. Simpson. Disability, March, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
Samuel Gazette. Invalid Corps. 

DESERTED.
Alexander R. Brant. July 25, 1862.
John L. Ernest. September 1, 1861.
Christopher R. Richard.
G. W. Tannyhill. August 18, 1861.

ORGANIZATION OF B COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
B Company was organized at Athensville, Montgomery county, State of
Pennsylvania, on or about the 22d day of April, 1861, by the Honorable Owen
Jones, who was unanimously chosen captain. Dr. Joseph Levering was chosen first
lieutenant, and Jacob L. Stadelman second lieutenant. On the 5th day of August
it was ordered to report at Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania, where it arrived the same day, and encamped in Camp Curtin. Dr.
Joseph H. Levering, having resigned his lieutenantcy, previous to the company
leaving Athensville, an election was held for the purpose of filling the vacancy,
on the 6th day of August, 1861, when second lieutenant Jacob L. Stadelman was
chosen first Lieutenant, and John
Kline, second lieutenant. On the 8th day of August, 1861, the company was
mustered into the State service, by Colonel Taggart, of the Twelfth regiment
Pennsylvania Volunteer Reserve Corps. Captain Owen Jones, having been promoted
to the rank of major, First Lieutenant Jacob L. Stadelman was elected captain,
and Theodore Streck was elected first lieutenant on the 16th of the same month.
On the same day, the company left Carhp Curtin, and arrived at Washington, D.
C., and encamped at the Park on Seventh street. On the 20th day of August it
moved to Camp Jones, and to Camp Reynolds, near Tennallytown on the 18th of
September, 1861.

ENLISTED MEN OF B COMPANY.
John H. Bevan, orderly sergeant.
Adolphus S. Eder, first duty sergeant.
Martin Mars, second duty sergeant.
David W. Tarrence, third duty sergeant. Wounded, May 25, 1863.
Joseph Price, fourth duty sergeant.
Washington F. Chrissman, quartermaster sergeant. Wounded at Culpepper,
September 13, 1863.
David W. Titlow, commissary sergeant.
John R Styer, first corporal. Killed May 28, 1864.
Geo. B. Rambo, second corporal.
Crawford Yocum, third corporal.
Kline A. Graver, fourth corporal.
Wm. H. Ramsey, fifth corporal
Joel L. Davis, sixth corporal.
Mark R. Hagner, seventh corporal.
Henry H. Pyott, eighth corporal.
Baxter, Amos
Bennett, Charles. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Black, John. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Black, Lorenzo D.
Bevan, Allen L.
Bisson, Jacob G.
Connell, Patrick. Wounded in Pennsylvania, July 5, 1863, and at Cold Harbor,
June 1, 1864.
Collins, Edgar W.
Campbell, Flemming
Cornman, Joseph.
Creighton, John J. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Davidson, Charles
Davis, Peter
Gregor, Chalkly F.
Hoffman, Thomas P.
Hampton, Wm. S.
Haws, Samuel A. Killed May 28, 1864.
Hafner, Mathias
Jago, Samuel. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Jacobs, Enos.
Lowery, Robert. Vets vol., February 1, 1864.
Levering, Perry H.
Lysle, George L. Sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Killed, July 28, 1864.
McFayne, James J.
Maiser, Connard
Michael, Matthew. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Moore, Lewis. Wounded, July 28, 1864.
Matson, Morris M. Bugler.
Quinn, John
Rhoads, Wm. H.
Ritter, John
Snyder, Franklin. Bugler.
Smoyer, Edward B.
Soley, Wesley A.
Smith, Isaac W.
Smith, Joseph
Staub, Michael B.
Yaugn, Hamilton
Warnock, Edward
Yocum, John. Killed, May 28, 1864.
Bynn, Geo. W.
Haines, Jacob W.
Grant, John S.
Kramer, Charles
Blehl, Francis
Lutz, Justus W.
Moore, Joseph F. Wounded at Culpepper, September 13, 1863, also, June 2, 1864,
at Barker's Mills.
Adair, William
Edler, William H Wounded, June 21, 1864.
Mower, Philip A. Mortally wounded, June 2, 1864.
Miles, John J.
Milan, Thomas 

PROMOTED.
Wm. Buzby. Sergeant to second lieutenant.
Geo. I. Baker. Sergeant to quartermaster, May 5, 1862.
R: R. Corson. Sergeant to quartermaster, September, 1861.
Rob't S. Lawsha. Sergeant to second lieutenant, April, 1862.
Wm. Litzenberg. Sergeant to captain, May 2, 1862.
Wm. Stadelman. Sergeant to A. C. S., November, 22, 1862. 

KILLED.
Howard A. McAfee. At Auburn, Va., October 14, 1863.
John Smith. Killed at Auburn, Va., October 11, 1863.

DIED.
Rob't Maxwell. Disease, April 4, 1862.
Theodore, Shaeffer. Disease, October 18, 1861.

DISCHARGED.
Theodore F. Ashenfelter. Disability, February' 26, 1863.
John F. Anderson. Corporal. Disability, October 9, 1861.
Wm. H. Bowden. Disability, 1862.
James Conard. Disability, 1862,
Elisha Davis. Disability, January 4, 1862.
Jacob H Detra. Disability, February 3, 1863.
Charles Ford. Disability, January 4, 1862.
Alexander Gotwaltz. Disability, March 20, 1863.
James McLennon. Disability, 1862.
Nathan Miller. Disability, January 4, 1862.
Washington Miller. Disability, January 4, 1862.
Lemuel A. Patterson. Sergeant. Disability, March 20, 1863.
Charles Quinby. Disability, January 20, 1862.
George RodeBough. Disability, 1862.
Lewis M. Thomas. Sergeant. Disability, February 3, 1863.
A. P. Stanley. Corporal. Disability, January 19, 1863.
John V. Vanderslice. Disability, April 20, 1863.
John Dales. Disability, 1862.
Thomas Swift. Disability.
John L. Dougherty. For wounds, December 8, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
Henry Z. Lair. To Brigade band, December 31, 1862.

DESERTERS.
George Hampton. May 25, 1862.
Evan J. Paxon. And retaken.
Samuel Staiger. October, 1862.

ORGANIZATION OF C COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company C was recruited by Captain John P. Taylor and Lieutenant Wm. Mann, in
Mifflin county, and organized on the 16th day of April, 1861, and offered its
services to the State on the 1ith, and was accepted on the 18th of the same
month. It was ordered to Harrisburg on the 20th day of April, 1861, and
proceeded on the way, as far as Lewistown, when the order was countermanded. It
was again ordered to report at Harrisburg on the 6th day of August, and arrived
there on the 7th. Here Lieutenant John P. Taylor was elected captain, William
Mann, Jr., first lieutenant, and William T. McEwen, second lieutenant, the
company numbering eighty-two (82) men. It was mustered into the State service
on the 10th day of August, 1861, by Colonel Taggart, and joined the regiment.
Arrived at Washington, D. C., on the 18th day of August, and mustered into the
United Sates service on the 27th.

ENLISTED MEN OF C COMPANY.
Thomas A. Kearns, orderly sergeant.
J. Harvey Carson, first duty sergeant.
Michael Menges, second duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded May
28, 1864.
Hamilton R. Mitchell, third duty sergeant.
Wilson P. Daughenbaugh, fourth duty sergeant.
George Way, fifth duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1,1864. Wounded July 28,
1864.
Jacob Ruble, quarter-master sergeant.
Wilson S. Dellett, commissary-sergeant. Prisoner at Brandy Station, June 9,
1863.
John A. Davidsizer, first corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded May 9,
1864.
John Hoffman, second corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded July 28,
1864.
Charles A. Rice, third corporal.
William Ready, fourth corporal. Wounded July 28, 1864.
George White, fifth corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded May 9, 1864.
William Baird, sixth corporal.
John McMahon, seventh corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded June 21,
1864.
Anthony Assadalia, eighth corporal. Wounded at Fredericksburg December 12,
1862, 
also wounded May 28, 1864.
Graham, Geo. W. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Ackley, Joseph.
Brillhart, Robert M.
Betts, Robert
Cutler, Wm. D.
Cherry, John. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Chirpman, James H.
Dippary, John.
Gates, J. K. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Hooffnagle, H. N.
Jennings, Samuel N.
Latchford, Geo. W. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Livingston, Joseph H., corporal. Wounded May 28, 1864.
Murray, James A. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
John McCann.
Nail, Henry H. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded May 28, 1864.
Neitz, Percival. Prisoner at Brandy Station January 9, 1863. Wounded May 15,
1864.
Row, Charles.
Ruble, John. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Wounded July 28, 1864.
Stewart, Parmer
Scott, David C.
Slocum, Samuel. Vet. vol., Feb'y 1, 1864. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Seachrist, Christian
Sutton, John F.
Wable, John
Wilson, George W.
Wagner, Porter
Wiles, David
Yontz, William, prisoner August, 1864.
Luich, Lawrence
Clair, William. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Stillinger, William
Gifford, Geo. W.
Chamberlain, John
Derr, Jacob F.
Whitmore, Thomas. Wounded June 2, 1864.
Miller, G. W. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Kline, G. W. Wounded June 21, 1864.

PROMOTED.
Geo. W. Seachrist. To sergeant-major, October, 1861.
Robt. J. McNitt. Sergeant to second lieutenant, February 6, 1862.
John W. Nelson. Sergeant to second lieutenant, October 7, 1862.
James P. Landis, Sergeant to chief bugler, May 1, 1863.
Hiram McClenahen. Sergeant to first lieutenant, February 13, 1863.

KILLED.
Christian Romich, sergeant. Brandy Station June 9, 1863.
John H. Deal. Culpepper September 13, 1863
William Snyder, Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1863.

DIED.
Albert Laird, sergeant. Wounds received at Cedar Mountain, September 5, 1862.
Albert Strong, corporal. Typhoid fever, December 16, 1861.
John H. Yeager. Disease at Alexandria, June 26, 1863.
David A. Baker. May 16, 1862, from wound by accidental gun shot.
Jonathan Kring. Disease and wounds, in Alexandria, September, 1862.
William Lint. Disease, in Alexandria, August 21, 1862.
Abner N. McDonald, corporal. August 14, 1862, from wounds received at Cedar 
Mountain, August 9, 1862.
Amos Shank. October 24, of wound received at Auburn October 14, 1863.
Walker Scott, corporal. July 2, 1863, in Libby Prison,
Richmond, of wounds received at Brandy Station June 9, 1863.
Marshall J. Stall. Disease, February 17, 1862.

DISCHARGED.
W. J. Furst, sergeant. Disability, September 1, 1862.
James B. Postlewaight. Disability.
James L. McDonald. Disability, June, 1862.
A. B. Selheimer. Disability, June, 1862.
William Barefoot. Disability, October, 1862.
Jesse Alexander. Disability, (wounds,) January, 1863.
Michael Bottorf, corporal. Disability, December 10, 1862.
Jacob Bottorf. Disability, March 9, 1863.
Martin Bottorf. Disability, September 9, 1862.
William Bradford. Disability.
Joseph M. Deveny. Disability.
William Kirlin. Disability, July 4, 1862.
Edwin Lochey, corporal. Disability, July 4, 1863.
Oliver H. McCalister. Disability, January 31, 1863.
James H. McClenahen. Disability, August 16, 1861.
James Robison. Disability, January 4, 1863.
Henry Swarm. Disability, May 23, 1862.
B. F. Stokes. Disability, November 8, 1861.
Edwin F. Teets. Disability, September 23, 1861.
Benj. Pollard. Disability, January 15, 1862.
W. V. B. Coplin. Corporal. Disability, January 19, 1863.
Samuel Ross. Disability, December 16, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
John T. Murray. To Invalid Corps, August 18, 1863.

DESERTED.
John H. Ebbs. At Manassas, Va., June 28, 1862.
Felix Nolan. At Manassas, Va., June 28, 1862.
Paris Rolland. At Catletts, Va., April 28, 1862. 

ORGANIZATION OF D COMPANY, FIRST
REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company D was principally recruited at Lock Haven, Clinton county,
Pennsylvania, from the counties of Cameron and Clinton, during the month of
July, 1861. The company was organized August the 17th, 1861, by the election of
John W. Smith as captain, S. D. Barrow as first lieutenant, and Hugh A.
McDonald as second lieutenant. Was mustered into the State service, at Camp
Curtin, Harrisburg, August the 21st, 1861, and was assigned to the First Regiment
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry. Left Harrisburg for Washington, August 23d, and
mustered into the United States service August the 27th, 1861, at Camp Jones,
Washington, D. C., where it joined the regiment.

ENLISTED MEN OF D COMPANY.
A. R. McDonald, orderly sergeant. Prisoner, August, 1862. Vet. vol., February,
1864.
Geo. M. Emery, first duty sergeant.
Thompson Snyder, second duty sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Wounded,
June 21, 1864.
Charles H. Stetson, third duty sergeant. Wounded, May 28, 1864, and June 2,
1864.
Orlando H. Emery, fourth duty sergeant. Wounded, July 16, 1863, at
Shepherdstown, Va.
Allen H. German, fifth duty sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Geo. Misnonier, quartermaster sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Thos J. Rockey, commissary sergeant.
Charles A. Moorse, first corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Horace Taylor, second corporal. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862, and
June 9, 1864. Vet. vol., February 1,
1864.
Henry Underham, third corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Prisoner, June 21,
1864.
John C. Lewis, fourth corporal.
W. F. Lucore, fifth corporal. Wounded, June 21, 1864.
A. D. Rockey, sixth corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
W. F. Moyer, seventh corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
A. H. Lewis, eighth corporal Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Wounded, June 21,
1864.
Tobias, H. R.
Aggy, H. R.
Coykendale, Philo
Carpenter, Levi S. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Delany, William. Vet. vol., February 5, 1864. Wounded, June 28, 1864.
Delany, Henry. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Davy, Eli C.
Frain, Jacob. Vet. vol., February, 1864.
Foster, Chester E. Vet. vol., February, 1864.
Grey, Isaiah. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Herman Thomas. Vet. vol., February 6, 1864. Killed, July 28,1864.
Horton, William. Vet. vol., February 6, 1864. Prisoner, June 24, 1864.
Lewis, Alfred. Vet. vol., February 5, 1864.
Lord, Charles
Luid, Charles. Vet. vol., February 5, 1864.
Mitcheltree, Wm. H. Vet. vol., February 5, 1864. Wounded, July 28, 1864.
Miller, Wm.
Hendricks, Henry
Misner, Jacob B.
May, Charles. Vet. vol., February 5, 1864.
Miller, Benj. C.
Mahon, Warren. Prisoner, at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Marony, John. Prisoner, June 24, 1864.
Marshall, George
Porchet, James. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Pfoutz, Christopher. Bugler. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Richardson, John D.
Ragan, Jeremiah
Sorrell, Nelson
Salada, Frederick. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Stevenson B. Wounded May 28, 1864.
Thomas, Charles
Williams, Wm. T. Vet. vol., February 6, 1864.
Walizer, Jonathan. Vet. vol., February 6, 1864. Wounded, July 28, 1864.
Cridler, William. Vet. vol., February 6, 1864.
Lucore, Lemuel. Prisoner, at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
McKinney, Charles. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Prisoner, November, 1862.
Butcher, Frank. Prisoner, June 13, 1862.
Miller, John
Taylor, Henry C.
Roark, John
Sunderland, Samuel. Vet. vol., February, 1864.

PROMOTED.
Wm. F. Butcher. Sergeant to second lieutenant, July 5, 1862.
Marcus L. French. Sergeant to second lieutenant, 1861.
Warren L. Holbrook. Sergeant to second lieutenant, 1861.
Philip H. Walker. Sergeant to second lieutenant, September 9, 1862.

KILLED.
John A. Tibbins. At Brandy Station, Va., June 9, 1863.
R. P. Hughling. Corporal. At Cedar Mountain, Va., August 9, 1862.
Gregor McGregor. Sergeant. At Cedar Mountain, Va., August 9, 1862.
Joseph Hughling. In skirmish at Drainesville. November 27, 1861.

DIED.
James L. Barr. October 16, 1863, of wounds received at Auburn, Va., October 14,
1863.
Charles C. Daniels. August 16, of wounds received at Cedar Mountain, Va.,
August 9, 1862.
John L. Knight. Disease, October 31, 1861.
Wm. B. Rogers. Wounds, September 9, 1862.
W. P. Stewart. Disease, at Warrenton, Va., September 13, 1863.
Angus McDonald. Disease, November, 1862.
Rufus Roudenberg. Disease, November, 1862.
Ellis Perry. December 18, 1863, of wounds received November 27, 1863.

DISCHARGED.
Charles Amiden Disability, November 18, 1862.
B. M. P. Baird. Wounds, December 16, 1862.
Almarion Chapman. Disability, September 13, 1863. Twice taken prisoner.
Benjamin Emery. December 24, 1862.
Alexander H. Gabe. Disability, February 12, 1863.
Alexander Henderson. Corporal. Disability, March 26, 1863.
Wm. Johnson. Disability, December 10, 1862.
Daniel Kester. Disability, January 13, 1863.
A. D. Ligget. Disability, October 25, 1863.
John Luich. Disability, March 14, 1863.
Mortimer Longwell. Corporal. Disability, March 14, 1863.
James Misner. Wounds, January 26, 1863, received at Cedar Mountain, August 19,
1862.
Charles McIntyre. Disability, August 10, 1861.
John Passal. Disability, May 16, 1862.
Wm. A. Quiggle. Corporal. Wounds at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
J. R. Racard. Corporal. Disability, November 18, 1861.
Elias Rossman. Disability, April 28, 1863.
Calvin P. Russel. Disability, March 19, 1863.
B. F. Straw. December 24, 1862, from wounds received at Cedar Mountain, August
9, 1862.
David W. Tibbens. Disability, January 13, 1863.
John Whiteman. Disability, April 10, 1863.
John H. Ruir. Disability, May 11, 1862.
Charles Anderson. Disability, January 9, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
R. J. Davison. To the First Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Rifles, December 16,
1861.

DESERTED.
Abraham R Brant. Near Manassas, Va., June 18, 1862.
Samuel D. Fuller. Near Catalett, Va., April 29, 1862.
Henry S. Hoffman. Near Manassas, Va., June, 1862.
Wm. Jones. October, 1862.
Russel Miller. At time of enlistment, 1861.
John Rubert. At time of enlistment, 1861.
Joseph Hilsher. July, 1863.

ORGANIZATION. OF E COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company E was principally recruited in Centre county, Pennsylvania, by Captain
Jonathan Wolf, with some few recruits from Clinton and Clearfield counties. Was
organized on the 19th day of March, 1861, and left for Harrisburg on the 25th
day of July, 1861, and arrived at Washington, D. C., August the 18th, where it
was attached to the regiment.

ENLISTED MEN OF E COMPANY.
William C. Wilky, orderly sergeant. Wounded July 16, 1863.
Jesse Fry, first duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
John Craft, second duty sergeant. Vet. vol., February 20, 1864. Wounded, July
28, 1864.
H. H. McCullough, third duty sergeant. Killed June 24, 1864.
Edwin B. Holt, fourth duty sergeant. Vet. vol.-, February 20, 1864.
John Williams, fifth duty sergeant.
Walter S. Lint, quartermaster-sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864 Wounded
June 21, 1864.
William Wilson, commissary-sergeant.
Wm. H. Buck, first corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Prisoner at Cedar
Mountain August 9, 1863.
Jacob Raymond, second corporal
Wm. Lowery, third corporal. Wounded at Brandy Station June 9, 1863. Killed. May
28, 1864.
Samuel J. Krotzer, fourth corporal.
Wm. N. Esworthy, fifth corporal. Vet. vol., February 20, 1864. Mortally wounded
June 21, 1864.
Alvy, Marion, bugler.
Checkman, Henry. Vet. vol., February 20, 1864.
Cheeseman, John
Dewitt, Martin. Wounded May 9, 1864.
Fulton, James. Vet. vol. January 1, 1864.
Grassmire, William
Garrett, William
Grant, ThomasW. Vet. vol., January 1,1864. Prisoner July 28, 1864.
Gault, James V. Vet. vol., January 1,1864. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Hunter, Daniel W. Wounded at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Hatter, Joseph. Prisoner June 24, 1864. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Kress, Mortimer
Keys, Stanley A. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Keys, Charles
Kearns, Pat. B. Wounded August 14, 1864.
Laughman, Donas. Vet. vol., February. Prisoner at Brandy Station June 9, 1863.
McMullen, Frank A. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Neiman, A. B. Prisoner November 16, 1863.
Null, John. Wounded at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Parr, Joseph. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Rodger, Alfred
Reese, Valentine. Wounded June 1, 1864.
Reider, James
Struble, John C. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Saxton, Timothy. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Switzer, Crawford
Smith, David
Shirk, William
Shaffer, William. Mortally wounded June 21, 1864.
Tate, David.
Wilson, William
Watson, Stanley
Wyland, William. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Toomis, George. Wounded May 28, 1864.
Carney, Joseph
Vonlear. William
Gault, John
Yeager, John
Derr, Samuel

PROMOTED.
Johnston C. Akers. Sergeant to first lieutenant, June 16, 1863.
John A. Bayard. To first lieutenant, December, 1862.
Charles L. Buffington. To battalion adjutant, March, 1862.
Amos M. Herrick. Sergeant to second lieutenant, February 13, 1863.
Samuel Lipton. Sergeant to second lieutenant.
Jeremiah Newman. Sergeant to first lieutenant, March, 1862.

DIED.
George Bruss. Hospital, 1862.
John Cook, corporal. Disease, November 18, 1862.
Thomas B. Fenton. Disease, March 18, 1862.
Charles R. Fells, corporal. Disease, August, 1863.
Witherite William. Disease, October, 1863.

DISCHARGED.
Thomas R. Anderson. Disability.
Henry Atkins, sergeant. Disability.
John C. Bradley. Disability, January 15, 1863.
William T. Buck. Disability, December, 1862.
Henry J. Boell. Disability, March, 1863.
John H. Fox. Disability, August, 1861.
Michael Fausey. Disability, February 18, 1863.
Peter Gesiwite. Disability, August 27, 1861.
Rankin Hollabaugh. Disability, February, 1862.
Frank Heckendorn. Disability, September, 1862.
James M. Howe, sergeant. Disability, January 13, 1863.
George James. Disability, February, 1862.
James Keys. Disability, February, 1862.
Levi Kline. Disability, November, 1861.
Des Cartes Kelly. Disability, March, 1863.
Henry Klapp. Disability, January, 1862.
William C. Murray, sergeant. Disability, February, 1862.
Eli Mercer. Disability, April, 1862.
James Miller. Disability, December, 1862.
Samuel Mills. Disability, February, 1862.
Bernard Morrison. Disability, January, 1862.
Abraham Miller. Disability, December, 1863.
Hugh Martin. Dishonorably discharged for disability, January 7, 1864.
Milton Neiman. Disability, November, 1862.
John Osborn. Disability, April, 1862.
Fenton Phalon. Disability, February, 1863.
Reuben Roup. Disability, March, 1863.
William Summers. Disability, November, 1861.
Joseph Shoup. Disability, September, 1862.
Rufus Stratton. Disability, September 16, 1862.
Henry D. Sands. Disability, October 9, 1862.
John H. Thomas. Disability, August, 1862.
Joseph Schlem, corporal. Disability, February 6, 1863.
David R. Wiser. Disability, January, 1862.
Calvin Wolf. Disability, April 6, 1863.
John W. Ward. Disability, March, 1863.
Philip Wenterodd. Disability, October, 1862.

TRANSFERRED.
Thompson Wilson, Invalid Corps.

DESERTED.
Arthur Swisher. March 7, 1863.

ORGANIZATION OF F COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company F was enlisted by Captain J. M Harper, about the latter part of July
and beginning of August, 1861, at Carmichael's, Green county, Pennsylvania.
Started for Camp Curtin, at Harrisburg, on the 15th day of August, was
organized on the 17th, and sworn into the United States service on the 24th, by
Captain Hastings, and attached to the regiment. Leaving Camp Curtin, the
company arrived at Camp Jones, on the 27th day of August, 1861.

ENLISTED MEN OF F COMPANY.
Jonas E. Lucas, orderly sergeant. Prisoner by guerrillas, November 17, 1863.
John H. Black, first duty sergeant.
James K. Gregg, second duty sergeant. Wounded at Auburn, Va., October 14, 1863.
Geo. W. Evans, third duty sergeant.
John Haver, fourth duty sergeant.
John R. Dunlap, fifth duty sergeant. Wounded on picket, November, 1863.
Vincent Worthington, quartermaster sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
J. H. Hoge, commissary sergeant. Wounded at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Wm. H. H. Eberhart, first corporal. Vet. vol., February 23, 1864.
M. V. B. Mercer, second corporal.
John Jones, third corporal.
Samuel W. Dugan, fourth corporal.
Alvin H. Wilson, fifth corporal.
Joseph I. Shaffer, sixth corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Prisoner, June
24, 1864.
Jesse Hughes, seventh corporal. Vet. vol., February 13, 1864. Wounded August
22, 1864.
Thomas F. Reppert, eighth corporal. Wounded July 28, 1864.
Seaton, Geo. W.
Worthington, James, bugler.
Rhinehart, David H., bugler.
Harne, William. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Anderson, John. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Alfred, Asa S. Wounded, May 5, 1864.
Alexander, Morris
Baker, David S. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Brestel Omet.
Brown, James W. Prisoner, August, 1862, and November 17, 1863.
Cummings, James R. Vet. vol., February 13, 1864.
Crayne, Isaac B.
Cree, Joseph M.
Cox, James
Davis, Winchester
Dean, John W.
Fisher, Franklin
Craigo, Thomas. Prisoner, June 24, 1864.
Hight, Peter A.
Hughes, James
Houseman, Sam'l S. Vet. vol., February 3, 1864.
Jones, Oliver
McFarland, John F.
Mayhorn, Nelson. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Midlam, Enoch W. Prisoner, at Brandy Station, January 9, 1863.
Neff, John
Neff, Abraham.. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Phillips, James W. Prisoner, on picket, November 17, 1863.
Ross, Samuel
Shape, Demos J. Wounded and prisoner at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Shawmon, John F.
Walters, John W. Wounded, May 9, 1864.
Walters, John A.
Young, Andrew J. Vet. vol., February 13, 1864.
Long, Nelson
Evans, Robert
Fordyce, Justus G. Wounded July 28, 1864.
Ross, Ira. Prisoner at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863. Wounded, June 21, 1864.
Crawford, George W.
Hummel, David
Hill, Samuel
Grove, James P.
Johnston, George W. L.
Brestel, Jacob. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Grimm, David C.
Maple, David
Carry, Sylvester P.
Eisimninger, James
Mitchell, Jacob
Zollars, Richard S.
Ely, Caleb. Wounded at Auburn, Va., October 14, 1863.
Crawford, G. W. Prisoner, June 24, 1864.
Ruble, James. Wounded at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Illguifritz, D. F.
Toomey, Isaiah
Grassmire, Albert
Herene, Edward
Gresley, Charles. Prisoner at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Poleman, Wm. K. Prisoner at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Grass, Henry. Prisoner on the Rapidann river, September 15, 1863.
Midel, Frederick ATW.
Phillips, Addison. Wounded May 10, 1864.
Mairs, Samuel
Cree, H. C. Wounded at Auburn, Va., October 14, 1863.
Phillips, J. A.
Lightner, Josiah
Shawvmon, J. W.
Craigo, James. Mortally wounded, May 28, 1864.
Harne, A. M. Wounded, June 21, 1864.

PROMOTED.
Levi K. Evans. Sergeant to second lieutenant, November 14, 1861.
Sam'l S. Greenlee. Sergeant to second lieutenant, June 13, 1862.
T. A. Wood. To Reg't C. S., June 16, 1862.
Thomas Lucas. To second lieutenant, June, 1862.

KILLED.
George W. Teagarden. Killed at Mount Jackson, Va., June 3, 1862.
Abner Murdock. Killed, July 12, 1864.

DIED.
Geo. W. Beam. Disease, December 16, 1863.
Samuel R. Dunlap. Disease, January 13, 1863.
William Evans. Disease, January 19, 1862.
William Jones. Disease, July 16, 1862.
Samuel Houlsworth. Sergeant. Disease, November 27, 1861.
David L. Keener. Disease, July 12, 1863.
Anthony Fraunk. Disease, December 29, 1863.

DISCHARGED.
James Alton. Disability, September 22, 1862.
Thomas Berch. Disability, March 11, 1863.
James P. Crawford. Disability, October 17, 1862.
Wm. Cummings. Disability, January 4, 1862.
Hugh D. Cree. Disabled, January 4, 1862.
Harrison Gump. Disability, April 20, 1863.
John W. Hopkins. Disability, December 4, 1862.
Henry S. Jenkins. Disability, January 19, 1862.
James R. Kendel. Disability, January 28, 1862.
Wm. McClelland. Disability, January 28, 1863.
Geo. W. McClelland. Disability, February 16, 1863.
John F. McCullough. By order, January 16, 1862.
Thomas H. Nutt. Disability, December 16, 1862.
William Rush. Disability, January 27, 1863.
John M. Shape. Disability, April 29, 1863.
Richard D. Simners. Disability, June 7, 1862.
Philip L. Kramer. Disability, January 4, 1862.
B. K. Higgenbotham. Disability, March 6, 1862.
Lawrence B. Craft. Disability, July 28, 1862.
Simeon S. Lucas. Disability, September 18, 1863.
Smith Steaton. Disability, December 8, 1862.
James H. Fordyce. Disability, March 13, 1863.
Newton Kigly. By order, May 26, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
Henry B. King. To Invalid Corps, 1863.

DESERTERS.
None.

ORGANIZATION OF G COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
The formation of Company G was commenced by Captain Jacob Higgins, at
Hollidaysburg, Blair county, Pennsylvania, from a volunteer company called the
Blair County Dragoons. About the middle of August, 1861, having collected a few
men as a nucleus, he proceeded with them to Camp Curtin, Harrisburg, where with
part of a company from Lisburn, Cumberland county, and recruits collected while
in camp, the company was filled and its organization completed, by the election
of Jacob Higgins, captain, David Gardner, first lieutenant, and H. S. Thomas,
second lieutenant. This company having been principally recruited at
Harrisburg, during the return of the three months men, was collected from all
parts of the State, and among its members has representatives from thirty two
different counties. The company was mustered into the State service, August the
22d, and into the United States service, August the 28th, 1861, when it was
assigned to the First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry. It arrived in Washington,
August the 29th, where it joined the regiment.

ENLISTED MEN OF G COMPANY.
Samuel Kilpatrick, orderly sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
John 0. Clark, first duty sergeant. Vet. vol., March 10, 1864.
Geo. W. Cyphers, second duty sergeant.
Francis S. Spiegel, third duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
John W;. Bruner, fourth duty sergeant. Taken prisoner June 9, 1863. Vet. vol.,
January 1, 1864. Transferred to Signal Corps.
R. G. Gowerter, fifth duty sergeant.
John Rohrbaugh, commissary sergeant. Vet. vol, February 1, 1864.
Thomas McGinly, quartermaster sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864..
John W. Taylor, first corporal. Prisoner, June 24, 1864.
John D. Richards, second corporal. Wounded. June 24, 1864.
Philip Seiferts, third corporal.
H. C. Portner, fourth corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Mortally wounded
June 21, 1864.
Jerome Kishbaugh, fifth corporal. Prisoner, June 9, 1863. Wounded, May 28,
1864.
Isaac Kennedy, sixth corporal. Regimental color bearer.
Samuel Reese, seventh corporal.
Fritz, Wm. D., Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McDonald, James M. Died in hospital.
Corl, Abram. Wounded at battle of Bull Run, August 30, 1862, alst July 28,
1864.
Greaves, Francis S.
Adams, George
Buch, Milton, bugler.
Campbell, Daniel
Cory, Warren R. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., September 13, 1863.
Campbell, William. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Transferred to Signal Corps.
Delaney, Wm. P.
Downs, Adam
Ells, Wm.
Farnwalt, Isaac
Grey, Mercer. Wounded, June 21, 1864.
Hawn, Samuel K. Mortally wounded at St. Mary's Church, June 24, 1864.
Igohler, Adam. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Griffin, John
Hisner, Michael Hull, Robert. P. Prisoner at Sulphur Springs, Va., August,
1862.
Hughey, Samuel
Kritzer, James
Lantz, John, bugler. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McFarland, Daniel. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864; and a prisoner August 1, 1862.
Mullin, Patrick. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Munch, Wm. Drowned, May 17, 1864, in James river.
Newman, David W.
Page H. W. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Killed May 21, 1864.
Reed, John M.
Reese, William. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Rhoads, William, blacksmith.
Rhoads, Adam
Snell, Aaron. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864, and wounded at New Hope Church,
November 27, 1863.
Shawley, Henry, blacksmith.
Stoner, Leonard
Wike, William, teamster.
Ely, William, saddler.
Hall, Wilmer C.
Failes, Horace
Bently, Abram. Wounded at Brandy Station, Va., June 9, 1863.
Platt, Hiram. Promoted to first sergeant.
Pugh, Evan. Wounded at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Gilliland, Samuel
Higby, Charles
Cory, George A.
Stewart, Charles R.
Wiggins, Daniel. Wounded, August, 1862.
Hartsock, Thomas
Hatch, Arthur
James Benninghoff. Severely wounded and prisoner at New Hope Church, Va., 
November 27, 1863.

PROMOTED.
H. C. Beamer. Sergeant-major to first lieutenant, May, 1862.
F. P. Confer. Sergeant to second lieutenant, September, 1862.
Alonzo Reed. Sergeant to second lieutenant, Novem1)er 24, 1862.
George J. Geiser. Sergeant-major to second lieutenant, April 12, 1863.
Wm. P. Lloyd. Private to hospital steward, December 18, 1862.
John McCahan. Private to commissary sergeant, January 28, 1863.

DIED.
William Grey. December 27, 1862.
Cyrus Rosenberger. January 7, 1863.

DISCHARGED.
William Hoffman. Disability, 1862.
George W. Briggs, corporal. Disability, March, 1862.
John S. Stubbs, corporal. Disability, October 1, 1861.
Jacob Boyer. Disability, January, 1863.
Wrilliam Boyer. Disability, February 1862.
George Fulleton. Disability, March 18, 1863, from wounds.
George W. Fisher. Disability, September, 1862.
David H. Gates. Disability, August, 1862, from wounds.
Joseph Gonder. Disability, March, 1862.
Jonathan Harper. Disability, March, 1862.
John Lewis. Disability, September, 1861, from wounds.
James McCahan. Disability, February, 1862.
Samuel D. Palsgrove. Disability, April, 1863.
Daniel Rittle. Disability, April, 1863, from wound.
Albert Ruggles. Disability, 1862.
Horatio Rembaugh. Disability, February, 1863.
Joseph Rocks. Disability, 1862.
Peter W. Swoap. Disability, October, 1862.
John Seabolt, Disability, March, 1862.
Zac. Welty. Disability, January 18, 1868.
John Uhler. Accidental wound, August, 1862.
Chas. H. Hutchison. Disability, January, 1863.
Wm. Strickland, sergeant. Disability, March, 1862.

TRANSFERRED.
James M. Adams, corporal. To second lieutenant Corps de Afrique.
Russel Bailets. Invalid Corps, September, 1863.
John C. McCullough. Invalid Corps, September, 1863.
Ernest Conzler. Regular army, November, 1862.

DESERTERS.
Hiram Crowl. Time of enlistment.
Julius Eicholtz. Time of enlistment
Lawrence Fought. Time of enlistment.
James Fulleton. Time of enlistment
Jonathan Kilmore. Time of enlistment.
John C. Kristy Time of enlistment.
Israel Meyers. December 1, 1861.
John A. Orner. Time of enlistment.
John Williams. April 11, 1863.

ORGANIZATION OF H COMPANY, FIRST, REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company H was organized in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, by Captain James B.
Davidson, some two or three years previous to the commencement of the
rebellion, and was known as the Dunlap Creek Cavalry.  Shortly
after the First Bull Run battle, the company tendered its services to the
United States, and was accepted. On the first day of August, 1861, it let for
Camp Wilkins, at Pittsburg, and on the fourth day of August was sworn into the United
States service. On the twenty-seventh day of August, the company left Camp
Wilkins for Washington, D. C., where it arrived on the twenty-ninth; and on the
sixth day of September was mustered into the United States service, and joined
to the regiment.

ENLISTED MEN OF H COMPANY.
Joseph Hostetler, orderly sergeant. Vet. vol., February 16, 1863. Wounded, May
9, 1864.
George B. Kingsland, first duty sergeant. Prisoner at New Hope Church, November
27, 1863.
Benjamin F. Hibbs, second duty sergeant. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
William Phillips, third duty sergeant.
Harrison Mann, fourth duty sergeant.
Cyrus A. Porter, quarter-master sergeant.
James Normine, commissary sergeant.
James O. Llewellen, first corporal
George Brown, second corporal. Wounded May 9, 1864, and August 14, 1864.
Robert F. Hibbs, third-corporal.
John M. Watson, fourth corporal. Vet. vol., February 16, 1864.
Henry Keifer, fifth corporal. Vet. vol., Feb. 16, 1864.
Isaac Richey, sixth corporal. Vet. vol., Feb. 16, 1864.
Robert Thompson, seventh corporal. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
William Glunt, eighth corporal.
James P. Scott, bugler.
Edward Hunt, blacksmith.
Isaac Brewer, farrier.
David Matthers, saddler.
Smith, Jeremiah
McMullin, Albert. Prisoner, at Culpepper, September 13, 1863.
Warner, Thomas E.
Houseman, Thomas
Vanhorn, James D. Prisoner, October 22, 1863. Killed, July 28, 1864.
Nutt, Joseph-E. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Potter, Henry
Arnold Albert H. Prisoner, June 21, 1864
Adams, John. Vet. vol., February 16, 1864.
Algeo, Charles. Wounded at Auburn Mills, October 14, 1863.
Algeo, David. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Byers, David A.
Cox, John F. Wounded, May 7, 1864.
Cox, Robert B.
Davidson, Jeremiah
Dickenson, William. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Davis, Isaiah
Dickenson, John P. Wounded, May 9, 1864.
Fall, John B.
Gregg, Elmer
Gaskill, William
Garrett, Joseph. Prisoner, December 15, 1863, by guerrillas.
Grooms, Thomas
Gue, Robert
Hively, James
Handlin James
Jenkins, Thomas. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Logan, Jackson. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
McCaen, Lewis
Michaels, Wm. H.
Marshall, John F. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
AIcFall, Samuel. Vet. vol., February 16, 1864.
Minehart, William W.
Maloney, Peter
Normine, Thomas. Prisoner at Culpepper, September 13, 1863.
Rictor, John E.
Reid, Wm. F. Prisoner, October 25, 1863.
Richey, Wm. A. Prisoner, October 25, 1863.
Shields, Wm.
Vankirk, John. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Walker, Barnabas W. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Work, George T.
Wilson, Marrion
Leech, James
McCaffrey, James. Wounded, June 2, 1864.
Everhart, Wentel
Calligan, George
Nicholson, Thomas. Prisoner, September 6, 1863.
Wilson, Jasper
Normine, John S.
WVimer, James
Galaher, Daniel
Denny, John A.
Edmonds, Wm.
Johnston, Thomas A. Killed at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863.

PROMOTED.
Wm. S. Craft. Orderly sergeant to first lieutenant, October 22, 1862.
John D. Scott, Private to first lieutenant, November 21, 1861.
Eli S. Forsyth. Sergeant to second lieutenant, February 12, 1863.
James Jackson. Sergeant to second lieutenant, September, 1861.

DIED.
Madison Davies. Disease, at Alexandria, Va., December, 1862.
Moses B. Ewing. Disease, at Washington, September, 1862.
William Stewart. Disease, at Camp Pierpont, Va., December 17, 1861.

DISCHARGED.
James P. Walker. Disability, February 17, 1863.
Wm. W. Messinore. Disability, March 27, 1862.
Daniel Fearer. Disability, February 5, 1863.
John C. Bird. Disability, February 4, 1863.
Charles P. Coats. Disability, December 31, 1861.
John W. Chalfant. Disability, December 31, 1861.
James Fawcit. Disability, 1862.
Alexander Johns. Disability, April 12, 1862.
John Litton. Disability, October 7, 1863.
Alexander Lane. Disability, 1862.
Wm. XV Melchi. Disability, January 13, 1863.
Vincent Owens. Disability, December 31, 1861.
John A. Rice. Disability.
Wm. Sewenger. Disability, January 13, 1863.
Henry Tate. Disability, April 8, 1862.
James Varner. Disability, December 31, 1861.
James McCune. Disability, 1862.

TRANSFERRED.
Edson Sturgeon. To Sixth U. S. Cavalry, October, 1861.
Wm. A. Vanhorn. To Invalid Corps, 1863.

DESERTED.
Jesse S. P. Balsinger. From Hospital, 1862.
Wm. Bennett. At Aquia creek, Va., 1863.
James C. Greene. At Alexandria, Va., 1862.
Wm. M. Remmel. From Hospital, April, 1862.
Rob't W. Shroyer. At Mt Jackson, Va., June 30, 1862.
Alexander Price. July, 1863.

ORGANIZATION OF I COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company I, First Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, made up of citizens of
different parts of Washington county, Pennsylvania, is a part of what was once
the W infield Hussars, an old volunteer organization, commanded by
then Major W. W. McNulty. This company was sworn into the State service by
Captain Robert Patterson, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, on the 13th, day of
August, 1861. Left Pittsburg August the 26th, for Washington, D. C., in company
with several other organizations, comprising what was then know as the Sixth
Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry, and went into camp on Seventh street. On the 6th
day of September, 186.1, the company was mustered into the United States
service. The regiment to which it was then attached, failing to complete its
organization, was disbanded by order of General McClellan, and this company,
together with two other companies, was incorporated with the First Regiment
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, of which it is now a part.

ENLISTED MEN OF I COMPANY.
Samuel T. Work, orderly sergeant. Wounded, August 14, 1864.
James D. Scott, first duty sergeant.
Alex'r C. Elliott, second duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded,
June 21, 1864.
John L. Mustard, third duty sergeant. Wounded, June.21, 1864.
Rob't D. Wilkin, fourth duty sergeant.
David Pollock, fifth duty sergeant.
Samuel W. McKee, quartermaster sergeant. Wounded June 21, 1864.
Patrick H. McNulty, commissary sergeant. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Hillary Wilson, first corporal.
Thomas Richmond, second corporal.
David McGuigan, third corporal. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Lewis Kramer, fourth corporal, color guard.
Beacroft, George
Berwick, Franklin. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Bitts, Samuel T. Taken prisoner twice.
Crider, William
Clyde, John
Curtis, Wm. A. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Conau, Thomas 11.
Essick, Rudolph
Gibson, John. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Gaumer, Moses
Garrett, Samuel
Groff, John
Johnson, Walter
Loughead, John. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McConkey, Isaac. -Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McConkey, Smithson. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864, killed.
McKinley, John. Prisoner by guerrillas, September 6, 1863.
McCormick, Walter S.
McCarroll, Wm.
Murray, Chester, bugler.
McCall, William ~
Newell, Archibald
Patterson, Thomas. Prisoner by guerrillas, September 6, 1863. Died March 30,
1864, at 
Hospital Annapolis, Md.
Patten, Wm. P.
Robertson, John L. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Rosenberger, Alexander. Prisoner.
Richmond, David
Rippey, Wm. J.
Smiley, James
Sauppe, John G.
Wells, Grafton. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McElroy, William
La Barr, George J. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Bingham, John A. Wounded, May 9, 1864.
Morrow, Charles. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Milligan, Peter. Prisoner by guerrillas, September 6, 1863.

PROMOTED.
James M. Gaston. Sergeant to second lieutenant, August 24, 1861.
George W. Lyon. Sergeant to second lieutenant, February 12, 1863.
T. C. McGregor. Sergeant to second lieutenant, May 10, 1862.
Francis S. Morgan. Sergeant to first lieutenant, February 12, 1863.
T. IR. Storer. Chief bugler, October, 1861.
Jacob Wolf. Regimental Veterinary surgeon, April, 1863.
J. B. Richey. Sergeant to second lieutenant.

KILLED.
David Ackelson, corporal. Near King George Court House, April 26, 1863.
James Barry, corporal. By guerrillas, September 6, 1863.
Eli Leskelett. Near King George Court House, Va., April 26, 1863.
Moses Hastings, corporal. Near King George Court House, Va., April 26, 1863.
Thomas Richmond, corporal. May 21, 1864, Milford Station, Va.
Smithson McConkey. May 21, 1864, Milford Station, Va.

DIED.
George W. Gist. Disease, December, 1861.
Jacob George. Disease, December, 1861.
James NW. McKee. Accidental gun-shot, January, 1862.
Thomas Parkes. Disease, January 18, 1862.
Wm. M. Porter. Disease, September 28, 1862.
John G. Wells, sergeant. Disease, February 26, 1862.

DISCHARGED.
Alexander Berwick. Disability, April 15, 1862.
John Beacroft. Disability, December 24, 1861.
Andrew Crouch. Disability, April 15, 1862.
Thomas Dunkel. Disability, January 1, 1862.
John F. Foust. Disability, April 15, 1862.
John H. Gaston, corporal. Disability, October 27, 1862.
Joshua J. Hunter. Disability, April 15, 1862.
James Miller, Jr. Disability, December 23, 1862.
James Miller, Sen. Disability, December 23, 1862.
Andrew F. McClure. Disability, January 15, 1863.
Wm. F. Patten. Disability, February 13, 1863.
Louis Quilland. Disability, January 15, 1863.
John Richmond, sergeant. Disability, October 6, 1862.
Wm. H. Rose. Disability, June, 1862.
Wm. F. Smith. -Disability, March 1, 1862.
Alexander L. Williams. Disability, August 16, 1862.
Alexander R. Wythe, sergeant. Disability, December, 1861.
Wm. Denniston, sergeant. Disability, April 2, 1863.
Lorenzo A. Rice. Disability, June 2, 1862.
William C. Richey, corporal. Disability, October, 1862.

TRANSFERRED.
None.

DESERTED.
Edward Powelson. January 17, 1862.
Thomas G. Dowling, June 17, 1862.

ORGANIZATION OF K COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company K is composed of men from Allegheny and Washington counties. Before
entering the service, they formed two volunteer organizations, known as the
 National Lancers, of Allegheny county, commanded by Captain W.
Boyce; and the Union Cavalry, of Finleyville, Washington county,
commanded by Captain A. Borland. About one week before entering the service,
the two companies joined, and formed one organization, called the 
National Cavalry, commanded by Captain W. Boyce. A portion of the company
enlisted August the 28th, 1861, and the rest September the 3d, 1861, at Pittsburg,
Pennsylvania. Was sworn in on the 3d of September, by Colonel A. Hays. Left
Pittsburg on the 4th, and arrived in Washington, D. C., on September the 11th.
When it arrived in Washington, it was assigned to the Sixth regiment
Pennsylvania Cavalry. Mustered into service on the 6th day of September. The
Sixth regiment being disbanded, the company was assigned to the First Regiment
Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, on the 27th day of September, of which it is now
a part.

ENLISTED MEN OF K COMPANY.
A. B. Darrah, orderly sergeant.
J. A. Latimer, first duty sergeant.
J. WV. Boyce, second duty sergeant.
Rob't Boyce, quartermaster sergeant.
J. Patterson, commissary sergeant
J. M. Boyce, first corporal. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
S. F. Ralston, second corporal.
J. Connelly, third corporal.
T. Westerman, fourth corporal.
S. R. Patten, fifth corporal.
McClure, Wm. J.
Kiefer, John, bugler. Prisoner, at Sulphur Springs, August 22, 1862.
McCoInbs, Thomas
Trumble, John
Feather, Joseph
Anderson, John
Boyce, Thomas D.
Coup, George
Curran, Edward
Calohan, Charles A.
Cox, Abraham
Dilks, Charles P. Prisoner, November 17, 1863, by guerrillas.
Duncan, John M.
Flanegan, Hugh
Gordon, William
Herriott, John
Herrell, Wilson
Hanna, Jacob
Jones, Thomas. Vet. vol., February 1, 1861. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Keifer, Samuel Kennedy, Joseph M.
Lessnutt, Richard
MIaradith, John. Prisoner, at Bealton Station, October 14, 1863.
McAllister, John F.
McBride, Marshall
McCombs, Matthew
McDonell, J. C.
McDonald, John
McDonald, William
McFeely, George
Iorrison, H. R.
Morrison, Joseph
Morgan, John H.
Morgan, Billingsby
Quigg, Frederick
Sheffer, David
Vance, Henry
Westerman, John
Williams, James
Coup, Williams. Wounded, July 28, 1864.

PROMOTED.
None.

KILLED.
Joseph McClenehan. At Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863.
John Keifer, bugler. May 28, 1864.
Richard Lessnut. May 28, 1863.

DIED.
John F. Kennedy, sergeant. Disease, July 26, 1863.
Wilson Gault, corporal. Disease, December 7, 1863.
James Ewing. Disease, November 22, 1863.
Joseph M. Sheffer Disease, December 10, 1862.

DISCHARGED.
Joseph Wright, sergeant. Disability, June 5, 1862.
Samuel Morton, corporal. Disability, August 18,1862.
Thomas Conner, corporal. Disability, April 11, 1863.
Samuel Brown. Disability, April 28, 1863.
Robert Cani. Disability, May 21, 1862.
John Douglass. By order, January 10, 1863.
William Ewing. Disability, April 28, 1862.
Hamilton Ingrin, Disability, April 10, 1863.
James AM. G. Mouck. Disability, February 9, 1863.
Joseph M. Sample. Disability, January, 1863.
William Stewart. Disability, September 29, 1862.
Benjamin F. Shields. Disability, August 31, 1863.

TRANSFERRED.
J. F. Dodd. To Invalid Corps, 1863.
Andrew G. Happer. To Eleventh Pennsylvania Infantry.

DESERTED.
John Dimlar. October 31, 1862.
Wm. H. Meanor. October 31, 1862.
Wm. S. Wilson, October 31, 1862.

ORGANIZATION OF L COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company L was, originally, an old militia organization, called the Reading City
Troop. It was reorganized by Captain J. C. A. Hioffeditz, from men principally
of Berks county, with a few from Lancaster and Lebanon counties, and was
mustered into the United States service as an independent company of cavalry,
on the 30th day of July, 1861. The company was stationed in the city of
Baltimore, on duty at head-quarters Military Depot, about five months. It was
attached to the First Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, October the 14th,
1861, and joined the regiment January the 5th, 1862, at Camp Pierpont, Va.

ENLISTED MEN OF L COMPANY.
X. F. Hull, orderly sergeant.
Sam'l. Shiffert, first duty sergeant.
Wm. A. Tobias, second duty sergeant.
Joseph Buck, third duty sergeant. Prisoner, July 21, 1864.
Lewis M. Hoffeditz, fourth duty sergeant.
Peter Deisher, fifth duty sergeant.
Daniel Howder, quartermaster sergeant Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Daniel Howder, commissary sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
John H. Johnson, first corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Prisoner at Brandy
Station, Va., June 9, 1863, also June 21, 1864.
Robert M. Devine, second corporal. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
John Kreamer, third corporal. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., September 13, 1863.
Thomas Wendling, fourth corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Prisoner, June
21, 1864.
John M. Algaier, fifth corporal.
David Mundshower, sixth corporal.
Dewilla H. Long, seventh corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Francis M. Coover. Wounded at New Hope Church, Va., November 27, 1863.
Gehris, James
Buck, Peter C.
Fagan, Patrick, blacksmith.
Reber, Jacob H.
Addis, Daniel. Wounded at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Billman, Samuel
Brownmiller, H. H. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded, June 21, 1864.
Bachman, Aaron E. Prisoner at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Burns, William.
Black, Hugh W. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Borkman, John 0.
Brown, John
Doyle, John H. Prisoner at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
Derrick, Henry. Wounded at New Hope Church, November 27, 1863.
Doyle, Jago
Fisher, Peris S.
Fresse, Geo. P.
Gehert, Hamilton
Horrock, Abraham
Moyer, Mahlon G.
Irvine, Wm. H. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Irvin, Robert F. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
James, Geo. W. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Knauss, Thomas. Prisoner at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862. Wounded at New Hope

Church, Novembef 27, 1863.
Lindenmuth, J. H. A.
Laven, Albert S.
Lindley, Thomas. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., September, 13, 1.863.
Loy, Henry W. Vet. vol, February 1, 1864.
Minker, Henry
Moyer, Adam. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
McElwee, Andrew
Newkirk, John
Noecker, Augustus R.
Pfleager, Samuel M.
Porter, Isaac
Reed, Samuel. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded, June 21, 1864.
Rightmeyer, Wm. 1H. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Rogers, Joseph F.
Rudy, Henry S. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Rolland, Jacob
Ruigler, Daniel S.
Stoltz, John. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Prisoner,. June 21, 1864.
Small, Samuel. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Seidens, Isaac
Vernervault, George
Wagner, Reuben
Warner, Augustus H. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Werner, William WT., bugler. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Wilson, George P.
Wm, Barney
Zimmerman, George

RECRUITS RECEIVED FEBRUARY 28, 1864.
Gries, Charles
Hendricks, Samuel
Connard, James
Reefsnyder, David B.
Ringler, Jacob
Augstall, James
Bertelott, Mayburg
Robst, Isaac. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Brenizer, Franklin. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Bower, Thomas
Dixon, Daniel R.
Griger, David H. Prisoner, June 21, 1864.
Gross, John
Glenay, Thomas
Houston, Joseph
Jackson, Robert W.
Jackson, John
Keller, Jonas
Leiser, Wm. B. Wounded, July 28, 1864.
Reed, Daniel. Prisoner, June 25, 1864.
Sanders, James
Strasser, Jesse
Snyder, David
Sanders, Jonathan
Sanders, Geo. F.
Smith, Reuben
Lotz, Wm. D.
Herring, John
Lesher, Cyrus
Ramer, Thomas
Soheirer, Martin

PROMOTED.
Charles Lichtenthaller. Sergeant to second lieutenant, 1861.
David S. Buxton. Sergeant to second lieutenant, June 26, 1863.
George W. Fincher. Private to regimental quartermaster sergeant, November 1,
1862.

KILLED.
Michael Donovan, sergeant. At Brandy Station, Va.,
Jeremiah Gronwich. By guerrillas, Oct. 17, 1863.
John Miller. On railroad.
John Kramer. June 21, 1864.
Robert Jackson. June 21, 1864.
John Doyle. June 21, 1864.
George P. Freeze. May 21, 1864.

DIED.
John Black. Disease, April 25, 1862.
Joseph R. Lacy. Disease, December 3, 1863.
Henry Mochamer. Disease, April 7, 1862.
George Patterson. Disease, December 8, 1862.
Levi Reeder. Disease, September 10, 1862.
William Werks. Disease, December 26, 1863.
George Kemp, sergeant. Disease, July 17, 1863.

DISCHARGED.
Cyrus Bentz, sergeant. Disability, October 6, 1861.
Jeremiah K. Rhoads, sergeant. Disability, March 10, 1863.
Wm. D. Hoppenheffer, sergeant. Disability, November 8, 1861.
Augustus H. Rhoades, sergeant. Disability, March 10, 1863.
Benjamin F. Bright, sergeant. By order.
Benoval G. Pretzman, corporal. Disability, June 27, 1862.
John Giles, corporal. Disability, December 9, 1862.
Nicholas Seyfert. Disability, December 16, 1861.
Isaac S. Dissenger. Disability, November 23, 1861.
James M. Hauter, sergeant. Disability, November 3, 1862.
Charles L. Harrison. Disability, May 6, 1862.
Peter Humble. Disability, March 16, 1862.
John A. Kerns. Disability, December 8, 1862.
Lewis Kraushorf. Disability.
Peter Noll. Disability.
Samuel Ness. Disability, April 19, 1862.
Joseph Ritter. Disability, December 16, 1863.
Effinger Rhoads. Disability, December 17, 1862
Daniel H. Ruth. Disability, December 16, 1861.
Aaron Stann. Disability, November 8, 1861.
Lewis Sherman. Disability, August 11, 1861.

TRANSFERRED.
George Kester. To brigade band, November 1, 1862.
Urias Fink. To Signal Corps.
Julius Wideman. To Insane Asylum.

DESERTED.
Richard Reinholt. October 30, 1861.
Daniel Folk. November 11, 1861.
Reuben Homan. December, 1861.
John Randenbush. November 16, 1862.
Jesse Wise. July 19, 1863.

ORGANIZATION OF M COMPANY, FIRST REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE CAVALRY.
Company M was recruited and organized at Reading, Berks county, Pennsylvania,
by Captain Thomas S. Richards; George D. Hill, first lieutenant; and Albert
Shollenberger, second lieutenant; and mustered into the United States service
at Harrisburg, on the 5th day of August, 1861. Left Harrisburg on the 6th day
of August for Baltimore, and here the company was armed and equipped. First
Lieutenant, George D. Hill, resigning, George D. Leaf was appointed second
lieutenant, and Albert Shollenberger, first lieutenant. Drilling and doing
orderly duty in the city, until the 3d of October, when the company was ordered
to the Eastern Shore of Virginia, where, in conjunction with the Fourth
Wisconsin infantry and Nim's battery, all under the command of Major-General
Lockwood, was engaged in scouting and picketing, until the 24th of December,
when it returned to Baltimore, and on the 7th of January, 1862, joined the
First Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry, at Camp Pierpont, Virginia. While on duty,
on the Eastern Shore, made numerous excursions down the bay, overhauling
smugglers and seizing large quantities of contraband goods. On a scout made to
Pontateague Landing, (October the 9th,) the company captured seven cannon,
caisons and harness; and on the 10th, at the town of Eastville, seized another
cannon and about fifteen hundred (1500) stand of small arms.

ENLISTED MEN OF M COMPANY.
John Rothenberger, orderly sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded July
12, 1864.
Wm. A. Scott, first duty sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
George S. Glissen, second duty sergeant. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Wounded
May 28, 1864.
James R. Aten, third duty sergeant.
Charles B. Miller, fourth duty sergeant. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded,
August 14, 1864.
E. H. Britton, fifth duty sergeant. Wounded at New Hope Church, November 27,
1863. 
Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Henry P. Smith, quartermaster sergeant. Wounded December 12, 1862, at 
Fredericksburg, Va.
Frederick Munson, commissary sergeant. Wounded at Culpepper, September 13,
1863.
A. Shollenberger, first corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Henry F. Williams, second. corporal. Prisoner, June 10, 1862. Vet. vol.,
February 1, 1864. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Anthony Wolf, third corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Charles Morrisy, fourth corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Prisoner, June
24, 1864.
Edward L. McGinley, fifth corporal. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Shollenberger, D. B.
Confer, N. F. Wounded at' Falmouth, April 19, 1862, and at Culpepper, September
13, 1863. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Kline, H. B.
Carpenter, E. W.
Harper, Wm. A. Prisoner at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Engle, Charles H. Prisoner at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863.
Wingard, John L. Vet. vol., February. 1, 1864.
Neiman, Henry
Hawley, M. P. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Hoffman, Henry. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Britton, George H.
Britton, John
Brown, Samuel. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Boyer, Thomas R.
Buckelman, Wm.
Carter, Daniel. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Casper, Peter. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Ebert Geo. W. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Faster, George. Prisoner, August, 1862.
Fisher, James. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Feather, Jacob
Frill, Jacob
French, Oriville
Garison, John
Geltner, Charles. Prisoner, August, 1862. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Griffith, William. Wounded at Falmouth, Va., April 18, 1862.'Vet. vol.,
February 1, 1864.
Gable John P.
Harrighan, David. Wounded at Brandy Station, January 9, and at New Hope Church,
Va., November 27, 1863.
Kline, George W. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Leeds, William. Wounded at Brandy Station, June 9, 1863. Vet. vol., February
26, 1864.
Lindenmuth, N. Vet.- vol., February 1, 1864.
Lose, Nicholas H. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Martin, Thomas A. Wounded at Falmouth April 18, and at Fredericksburg, December
12, 1862.
McEwen, William
McEwen, John. Prisoner, September 6, 1862.
McGarrigal, Patrick
McGinley, Daniel. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
McGinley, John
Miller, George. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Moore, Levi
Muthart, E. F. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Musser, Geo. W. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Miller, Don Corles
Paulis, George. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Phillips, Monroe. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., September, 13, 1863.
Rapp, Henry A. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Richards, Joseph. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Roberts, John. Vet. vol., February 19, 1864.
Scott, Charles E. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., Sep13, 1863. Vet. vol., January 1,
1864.
Shealer, Augustus. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Sheets, John. Prisoner, August 11, 1862. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Shappell, Jeremiah. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Snovel, John.Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Stetler, Henry. Vet. vol., -February 1, 1864. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Strine, Robert. Vet. vol., January 1, 1864.
Souder, William. Wounded at Culpepper, September 13, 1863. Vet. vol., February
14, 1863.
Urner, Henry P. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Williamson, Charles. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Winegardner, Lewis. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864.
Winegardner, William. Wounded at Culpepper, Va., September, 1863. Vet. vol., 
February 1, 1864.
Witmer, Joseph H. Vet. vol., February 1, 1864. Wounded, May 28, 1864.
Yocum, David. Prisoner, July 1.7, 1863.
Klinck, John
Scott, Rob't H., bugler. Recruit.

PROMOTED.
Henderson Sample. To second lieutenant, December, 1861,
J. S. Wright. Sergeant to second lieutenant, February 12, 1863.
Job H. Cole. Sergeant to battalion adjutant, March 1, 1862.

KILLED.
Patrick Devlin. At Falmouth, April 16, 1862.
Thomas Morton. At Falmouth, April 16, 1862.
Michael Rudy. At Falmouth, April 16, 1862.

DIED.
Henry F. Potter. Wounds, 1863.
Sam'l Rhoads. Wounds, November 26, 1863.
John Rodenwalt. Disease, September 23, 1863.
George Shaffer. Disease, September, 1861.
Wm. Strine. Disease, September, 1861.
A. T. Bear. Disease, August 29, 1862.
Charles Flag. Disease, August 12, 1862.

DISCHARGED.
A. S. Shollenberger, sergeant. Disability.
Barkley, M. Denny. Disability.
John Wetzel. Disability.
George Mentzer. Disability, 1861.
Henry Long Disability, September, 1861.
J. W. Cochran. Disability, September, 1861.
Jeremiah Strine. Disability, September, 1861.
Henry Strine. By order of court martial, 1861.
Thomas McGlown. Disability, October, 1861.
Thomas Devine. Disability, April 18, 1862.
J. T. Jackson. Disability, April 20, 1862.
M. M. Margnet. Disability, May 18, 1862.
W. R. Shollenberger. Disability, May 18, 1862.
Wm. Miller. Disability, June 6, 1862.
W. Montgomery. Disability, June 6, 1862.
Joseph Hale. Disability, July 5, 1862.
Patrick McNamara. Disability, July 2, 1862.
J. H. Miller. Disability, July 2, 1862.
A. B. James. Wounds, August 12, 1862.
Joel Black. Disability, March 27, 1862.
R. H. Baxter. Disability, October 20, 1862.
A. B. Kerst, sergeant. Disability, October 23, 1862.
B. P. Potts, sergeant. Disability, October 23, 1862.
Daniel Moore. Disability,' October 25, 1862.
Sam'l Karver. Disability, November 26, 1862.
William Potell. Disability-, December 30, 1862.
James Allison. Disability, January 15, 1863.
Edward Moone. Disability, February 19, 1862.

TRANSFERRED.
Thomas Grimsley. To brigade band, January 1, 1863.

DESERTED.
Finegan Smith. September, 1861.
Henry B. Wagner. December, 1861.
Thomas D. Grimsley. September, 1861.